Scumbag British Australian criminal South32.net is A Shit company (FAILED CEO) public whore low life dirty pussy Miss Graham Kerr BHP spy NO BALLS thief crook shyster STOCK FRAUD evil loser dirty pimp filthy disgusting animal cockroach evil devil bastard piece of shit.

Scumbag British Australian criminal public whore low life dirty pussy Miss Graham Kerr BHP spy NO BALLS thief crook shyster STOCK FRAUD South32.net evil loser dirty pimp filthy disgusting animal cockroach evil devil bastard piece of shit.

Scumbag British Australian criminal public whore low life dirty pussy Miss Graham Kerr BHP spy NO BALLS thief crook shyster STOCK FRAUD South32.net evil loser dirty pimp filthy disgusting animal cockroach evil devil bastard piece of shit.

Scumbag British Australian criminal public whore low life dirty pussy Miss Graham Kerr BHP spy NO BALLS thief crook shyster STOCK FRAUD Rapist South32.net evil loser dirty filthy disgusting animal cockroach evil devil piece of shit.

South32 CEO says British massacred slaughtered Aboriginals like animals.

South32 CEO breaking news, South32 suing scumbag criminal BHP South32 BHP.com cheater liar scam artist evil devil BHP BHP.com $500,000,000,000.00 Australia's corrupt Queen Elizabeth criminal Scott Morrison prime minister government has destroying Australia. South32 Warning the Corrupt Criminal Stock Market Exchange U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

South32 scumbag criminal south32.net warning headline news breaking news South32 warning criminal BHP BHP.com breaking news South32 $500,000,000,000.00 lawsuit, Australia's corrupt British Queen Elizabeth, criminal puppet Scott Morrison fake prime minister fake government has destroying Australia Top stories.

South32 CEO warning Queen Elizabeth, Scott Morrison justice for killing Aborigines.

South32 ceo says to the criminal Queen Elizabeth, leave Australia give the aboriginals their country back, South32 CEO says, Stop stealing.

South32 CEO South32 suing scumbag criminal BHP BHP.com cheater liar scam artist evil devil BHP BHP.com $500,000,000,000.00 , South32 headline breaking news.

South32 Graham Kerr CEO a thief a cheat a fraud loser always a loser always was always will be a loser warning caution attention south32.net CEO Graham Kerr is a loser faking company profits lying to investors buying back his own south32 company stocks every single day faking the rise of south32 stock price not telling the truth 2015 BHP plans and ideas of spinout has totally failed all because of the incompetent loser fraud scumbag hard headed idiot CEO Graham Kerr who has failed to manage and destroyed all the fortune that was handed out to him south32.net is a bankrupt company south32 investors will be losing all their money.

South32 CEO South32 suing scumbag criminal BHP BHP.com cheater liar scam artist evil devil BHP BHP.com $500,000,000,000.00 , South32 headline breaking news. Miss Graham Kerr is a scumbag criminal cheater liar thief, Warning Miss Graham Kerr is a stock fraud belongs in prison.

Miss Graham Kerr is a scumbag criminal cheater liar thief, Warning Miss Graham Kerr is a stock fraud belongs in prison.

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Miss Graham Kerr is a scumbag criminal cheater liar thief, Warning Miss Graham Kerr is a stock fraud belongs in prison.

South32 CEO South32 suing scumbag criminal BHP BHP.com cheater liar scam artist evil devil BHP BHP.com $500,000,000,000.00 , South32 headline breaking news.

South32.com Suing South32.net BHP BHP.com South32 Mining & (SEC) $500,000,000,000.00 - Australia's corrupt Queen Elizabeth criminal government is destroying Australia. South32 Warning the Corrupt Criminal Stock Market Exchange U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. South32 ceo says to the criminal Queen Elizabeth, leave Australia give the aboriginals their country back, South32 CEO says, Stop stealing.

South32.com Suing South32.net BHP BHP.com South32 Mining & (SEC) $500,000,000,000.00 - Australia's corrupt Queen Elizabeth criminal government is destroying Australia. South32 Warning the Corrupt Criminal Stock Market Exchange U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. South32 ceo says to the criminal Queen Elizabeth, leave Australia give the aboriginals their country back, South32 CEO says, Stop stealing.

South32 CEO The End South32 says. South32 ceo picture imdb Bio Film Movies photo queen elizabet pictures scott morrison images South32 xxx the+end+ pictures.

South32 CEO says British massacred slaughtered Aboriginals like animals.

South32 CEO breaking news, South32 suing scumbag criminal BHP South32 BHP.com cheater liar scam artist evil devil BHP BHP.com $500,000,000,000.00 Australia's corrupt Queen Elizabeth criminal Scott Morrison prime minister government has destroying Australia. South32 Warning the Corrupt Criminal Stock Market Exchange U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

South32 scumbag criminal south32.net warning headline news breaking news South32 warning criminal BHP BHP.com breaking news South32 $500,000,000,000.00 lawsuit, Australia's corrupt British Queen Elizabeth, criminal puppet Scott Morrison fake prime minister fake government has destroying Australia Top stories.

South32 CEO warning Queen Elizabeth, Scott Morrison justice for killing Aborigines.

open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net

Warning criminal Miss Graham Kerr is a scumbag criminal cheater liar thief, Warning Miss Graham Kerr is a stock fraud belongs in prison.

Warning criminal Miss Graham Kerr is a scumbag criminal cheater liar thief, Warning Miss Graham Kerr is a stock fraud belongs in prison.

Warning criminal Miss Graham Kerr is a scumbag criminal cheater liar thief, Warning Miss Graham Kerr is a stock fraud belongs in prison.

Warning criminal Miss Graham Kerr is a scumbag criminal cheater liar thief, Warning Miss Graham Kerr is a stock fraud belongs in prison.

Warning criminal Miss Graham Kerr is a scumbag criminal cheater liar thief, Warning Miss Graham Kerr is a stock fraud belongs in prison.

Warning criminal Miss Graham Kerr is a scumbag criminal cheater liar thief, Warning Miss Graham Kerr is a stock fraud belongs in prison.

Warning criminal Miss Graham Kerr is a scumbag criminal cheater liar thief, Warning Miss Graham Kerr is a stock fraud belongs in prison.

Warning criminal Miss Graham Kerr is a scumbag criminal cheater liar thief, Warning Miss Graham Kerr is a stock fraud belongs in prison.

Warning criminal Miss Graham Kerr is a scumbag criminal cheater liar thief, Warning Miss Graham Kerr is a stock fraud belongs in prison.

Warning criminal Miss Graham Kerr is a scumbag criminal cheater liar thief, Warning Miss Graham Kerr is a stock fraud belongs in prison.

Warning criminal Miss Graham Kerr is a scumbag criminal cheater liar thief, Warning Miss Graham Kerr is a stock fraud belongs in prison.

Warning criminal Miss Graham Kerr is a scumbag criminal cheater liar thief, Warning Miss Graham Kerr is a stock fraud belongs in prison.

animal cockroach evil devil piece of shit.

Soth32 CEO says:The language in these sources is coded. “Dispersal” is a common euphemism. “Land clearing”, “expeditions” and “hunting parties” were undertaken to “teach the blacks a lesson”.Learning about this history will come as a shock to some. But Australians trying to move past blame or guilt are coming forward now in greater numbers, and their voices are only growing louder.“We have done a lot already to make sure nobody has an excuse to stay ignorant,” Francis Jupurrurla Kelly says. “It’s now time for governments and others to do their bit to tell the truth and help us move forward together.” In Australia, the crisis support service Lifeline is on 13 11 14. In the UK Samaritans can be contacted on 116 123. In the US, the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline is 1-800-273-8255. Other international suicide helplines can be found at South32.com Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Mr. Luigi Bian South32 South32.com CEO suing, warning BHP, South32.net Australian mining company, JMBM Jeffer Mangels Butler & Mitchell LLP, Bernard Gans, Shahin Gans, Mina Nosrati Sirkin la group $500000000000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 JMBM Jeffer Mangels Butler & Mitchell LLP criminal partner Bernard Gans and his wife Shahin Gans brings shame and sorrow to the trusted Iranian immigrant family who believed immigrating to America would bring a big positive change and it did not. JMBM Jeffer Mangels Butler & Mitchell LLP over 137 trusted partners attorneys backing up a criminal scumbag dishonest partner Bernard Gans who had plans to rob me and my family blind but fortunately with the grace of God him and his criminal wife got busted. (GOD help the rest of JMBM Jeffer Mangels Butler & Mitchell LLP clients from this criminal partner patent attorney owner Bernrd Gans. Shutdown Century city criminal scumbag lawfirm partner jmbm Jeffer Mangels Butler & Mitchell LLP belongs in jail and revoke his law licens now. 100 year old Jewish woman dies and patent probate attorney Bernard Gans delibrately did not inform any of the 97 family members. Bernard Gans buries our mother overnight in the dark without letting her family know. JMBM Bernard Gans forges the will of trust and removes beneficiaries name soars underoath that Mr. Luigi Bian does not exist. Bernar Gans and his wife are a fucking criminals and liars. Bernard Gans trustee attorney actions has Caused great pain and lifetime emotional psychological damage, Berard Gans probate attorney purpusly did not contact the family to tell them their 100 year old mothers passing. there is a $30,000,000.00 cash reward money to anyone that has any information regarding Berney R. Gans motivations behind it to conduct such act. The children must know what happened. $30,000,000.00 cash reward. this act has caused lifetime great psychological emotional damage to the 5 children and 50 grand kids great grand kids beyond imagination Which is inhumane. Luigi Bian and his entire family requesting justice to be done. PLEASE HELP US. JMBM Global Hospitality GroupLuigi Suth32 warning criminal scumbag jmbm Jeffer Mangels Butler ..Mina Sirlin Law. South32 warning criminal scumbag jmbm Jeffer Mangels Butler & Mitchell LLP partner Bernard Gans. The hospitality attorneys in the Global Hospitality Group® of Jeffer Mangels Butler & Marmaro comprise the premier hospitality practice in a full-service law firm, and the most experienced legal and advisory team in the industry. Our team of 50 seasoned hotel lawyers has more than $50 billion in hotel transactions experience, involving more than 1,000 properties located around the globe providing one of the most extensive virtual data bases of market terms for deals and financings. The hospitality lawyers of our team are not just great hotel lawyers—we are also hospitality consultants and business advisors, dealmakers and facilitators of the flow of capital. We help our clients find the right operator, joint venture partner or capital provider. We know who to call and how to reach them. We advise on what are "market" terms and how to reach or exceed them. We help define key business goals, assemble the right team, develop strategies to optimize value and then get the deal done.Mina Sirkin Board Certified Specialist Probate Attorney: Probate, Estate Planning, and Trust Law, by the State Bar of California Board of Legal Specialization. Los Angeles County, California. Mina Sirkin is a bully Scumbag. Tel.: 818.340.4479 Web.: www.SirkinLawGroup.com Email: MinaSirkin@gmail.com Trusts, Estate, Probate & Conservatorship Litigation Attorney. Typical Clients from the following industries: Entertainment and Music Industry; Sports Industry; Legal Industry. Professional Fiduciary Representation in Los Angeles County. AREAS OF PRACTICE: Trust Litigation Probate Administration and Probate Litigation Fiduciary Actions Fiduciary Defense Professional Fiduciary Representation Conservatorship Law, Special Needs Planning Contested Conservatorship Matters Life Insurance Litigation: Interpleader Actions involving competing claims to Insurance and Annuities Estate Planning Structured Settlements Guardianship Law and contested guardianships Contested Will, and Trust Matters Accounting Actions Actions involving removal of a trustee, executor or administrator Elder Law and Financial Elder Abuse Litigation QDRO and Post-Death QDRO Litigation Beneficiary Inheritance Protection Asset Protection Fraudulent Transfer Asset Discovery and Recovery Special Needs Trust Planning & Litigation Mediation and Trials Elder Abuse: Physical Neglect and Financial Elder Abuse Trustee Removal Actions Office Locations: Woodland Hills, Glendale, Pasadena, Los Angeles, West Los Angeles, Irvine Probate Attorney Los Angeles, Los Angeles Trust Attorney, Conservatorship Attorney Los Angeles JMBM Global Hospitality GroupLuigi Suth32 warning criminal scumbag jmbm Jeffer Mangels Butler ..Mina Sirlin Law. South32 warning criminal scumbag jmbm Jeffer Mangels Butler & Mitchell LLP partner Bernard Gans. The hospitality attorneys in the Global Hospitality Group® of Jeffer Mangels Butler & Marmaro comprise the premier hospitality practice in a full-service law firm, and the most experienced legal and advisory team in the industry. Our team of 50 seasoned hotel lawyers has more than $50 billion in hotel transactions experience, involving more than 1,000 properties located around the globe providing one of the most extensive virtual data bases of market terms for deals and financings. The hospitality lawyers of our team are not just great hotel lawyers—we are also hospitality consultants and business advisors, dealmakers and facilitators of the flow of capital. We help our clients find the right operator, joint venture partner or capital provider. We know who to call and how to reach them. We advise on what are "market" terms and how to reach or exceed them. We help define key business goals, assemble the right team, develop strategies to optimize value and then get the deal done. Mina Sirkin Board Certified Specialist Probate Attorney: Probate, Estate Planning, and Trust Law, by the State Bar of California Board of Legal Specialization. Los Angeles County, California. Mina Sirkin is a bully Scumbag. Tel.: 818.340.4479 Web.: www.SirkinLawGroup.com Email: MinaSirkin@gmail.com Trusts, Estate, Probate & Conservatorship Litigation Attorney. Typical Clients from the following industries: Entertainment and Music Industry; Sports Industry; Legal Industry. Professional Fiduciary Representation in Los Angeles County. AREAS OF PRACTICE: Trust Litigation Probate Administration and Probate Litigation Fiduciary Actions Fiduciary Defense Professional Fiduciary Representation Conservatorship Law, Special Needs Planning Contested Conservatorship Matters Life Insurance Litigation: Interpleader Actions involving competing claims to Insurance and Annuities Estate Planning Structured Settlements Guardianship Law and contested guardianships Contested Will, and Trust Matters Accounting Actions Actions involving removal of a trustee, executor or administrator Elder Law and Financial Elder Abuse Litigation QDRO and Post-Death QDRO Litigation Beneficiary Inheritance Protection Asset Protection Fraudulent Transfer Asset Discovery and Recovery Special Needs Trust Planning & Litigation Mediation and Trials Elder Abuse: Physical Neglect and Financial Elder Abuse Trustee Removal Actions Office Locations: Woodland Hills, Glendale, Pasadena, Los Angeles, West Los Angeles, Irvine Probate Attorney Los Angeles, Los Angeles Trust Attorney, Conservatorship Attorney Los Angeles.Our purpose is to make a difference by developing natural resources, improving people's lives now and for generations to come. We are trusted by our owners and partners to realise the potential of their resources.South32.com Suing South32.net BHP BHP.com South32 Mining & (SEC) $500,000,000,000.00 - Australia's corrupt Queen Elizabeth criminal government is destroying Australia. South32 Warning the Corrupt Criminal Stock Market Exchange U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. South32.com Suing South32.net BHP BHP.com Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Queen Elizabeth II Venal Scott Morrison Causing Fires illness Death Poisoning Waters radiation Leaks Radioactive Disease uranium leak Killing People Animals Public Stock Fraud BHP south32.net 500 Billion Dollars lawsuit headline news. WE ARE SLOWLY BEING KILLED BY South32.net S32 BHP BHP.comTHIS MINE’ share article: Share on Facebook Tweet Email Tim Flannery warning of adverse climate impacts if South32 coal killing dangers: Prominent Australian scientist and climate change writer Tim Flannery has spoken against a planned coal mine expansion in New South Wales, warning of dire environmental consequences if it is to proceed. Key points: The IPC is conducting three days of public hearings as it considers South32's mine expansion plans The company wants to extract 78 million tonnes of coal from beneath Sydney's drinking water catchment until 2048 Climate change scientist Tim Flannery addressed the commission to raise concerns about the mine's environmental impact South32 is seeking approval to expand its Dendrobium mine, west of Wollongong, until 2048. It plans to use a longwall mining technique to extract 78 million tonnes of metallurgical coal for steelmaking from two new areas under Sydney's drinking water catchment. "I want to speak against the development and my concerns are really around the climate impacts of extending our coal mining in Australia," Professor Flannery told a public hearing of the Independent Planning Commission on Thursday. He pointed to a paper published in April in leading science journal Nature which he said laid out evidence that Australia was approaching some "very serious deteriorations" in key global climate systems, including destruction of the Great Barrier Reef and the drying of the Amazon rainforest. "The key thing I'm concerned about is that we're reaching some key climatic tipping points which represent an extreme risk for us," Professor Flannery said. "If we're to have a chance, at least, of avoiding those tipping points, we need to stabilise the Earth's temperatures at about one and half degrees above the pre-industrial average." A sign and the road outside the Dendrobium mine South32 wants to extend the life of its Dendrobium mine until 2048.(ABC Illawarra: Kelly Fuller) Cutting fossil fuels Professor Flannery's presentation to the IPC coincided with the release of the United Nations' annual Production Gap Report, which calls for substantial cuts in global carbon emissions to avoid dire consequences for the environment. "So rather than extending our coal mining and our fossil fuel use, the report argues we need to be cutting [their use] six per cent per year, every year, to keep ourselves safe from these dangerous tipping points." Rush to renewables Wind turbines in a wind farm in South Australia Despite, or perhaps because of, government inaction, consumers and businesses have flocked towards renewable energy, writes Ian Verrender. Read more South32's mines in the Illawarra region provide around 80 per cent of the coal necessary for steelmaking at BlueScope's Port Kembla plant. The companies together have called for the expansion project to be approved to secure thousands of direct and indirect jobs in New South Wales and across the country. Professor Flannery said an ongoing reliance on coal was not feasible as other countries, including Germany, move towards hydrogen steel production. How Germany is quitting coal A coal power plant in Germany. Germany is doing what Australia says it can't — shutting down its coal industry. Read more "Coal mining is not going to be the future," he told the commission. "The hydrogen economy offers us a way of producing steel with 98 per cent less CO2 than using coal. "BHP announced in November that they were going to be investing in hydrogen for steelmaking in China. We can't be left behind on this. "If we make the right decisions now and we get on the right track we could have a very prosperous future here in the Illawarra," Professor Flannery said. Find more local news Tell us your location and find more local ABC News and information Site of mine in metropolitan special area The Dendrobium underground coal mine (represented by the black dot) is seen in the metropolitan special area of Sydney's drinking water catchment.(Supplied: Water NSW) Directly affected Several South32 employees presented to the IPC during its second day of public hearings on Thursday, backing the mine. "The industry provides opportunities in so many disciplines from operators to engineers, finance, technology, communications, and community engagement," Luke Oliver said. "Our region relies on the jobs directly with South32 and those contract partners and supply services." Australian bosses have started caring about climate change Australian company directors nominate climate change as the number one issue they want the government to address in the long-term, in a survey of more than 1,200 business leaders. Read more Mining supervisor Anthony Dal Santo said he and his three children, who also work in the industry, would be "directly affected" if Dendrobium's expansion was rejected. "It would have both emotional and a financial devastating affect on my family," Mr Dal Santo told the commission. "This impact would be felt across the Illawarra and would also impact local businesses, the community, and the state of New South Wales. "Dendrobium mine has proved to be a positive influence in the local community and deserves the opportunity to continue." The IPC is due to hear the last of more than 80 registered speakers making oral submissions on Friday. Of the 280 written submissions already received by the commission, 250 have expressed support for the mine expansion project. 1 November 2016 ColombiaMiningPollution Threats, pay-offs and skin defects. Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik investigates the activities of a massive British-Australian ferronickel complex. 01.11.2016-this-mine-kills-590.jpgSkin defects, along with cancer and respiratory illnesses, are common in the area of the mine. This Zenú boy is from El Alto San Jorge, Córdoba province. © Irrael Aguilar Amid the arid farmlands of Colombia’s Córdoba province, the grassed earth gives way to bare incisions. Upturned mounds of ochre puncture the landscape. Fuming chimneys spill white smoke. This is Cerro Matoso, one of the largest ferronickel mines and processing facilities in the world. Owned and part-owned for over 30 years by BHP Billiton, an Anglo-Australian corporation and the largest mining firm in the world, it was recently transferred to South32, a spin-off company.1 Matoso has proven a lucrative source of wealth, delivering billions of dollars in sales. But former workers and local communities say that wealth has come at their expense; they are demanding justice for the destructive impact on their health, livelihoods, environment and safety. Small-scale mining first started at Cerro Matoso in the 1960s, expanding in 1979 when the Colombian government granted a concession to Conicol, Ifi-Econiquel and Billington Overseas (the precursor of BHP Billiton, from the Royal Dutch Shell group). Funded by the World Bank, the mine boomed, becoming the region’s flagship industry.2 Montelíbano, a nearby town devoted to agriculture and livestock breeding, saw its population triple.3 Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 3 In 1997, BHP Billiton gained full ownership of the mine, doubling its production between 2001 and 2010. Today, Cerro Matoso’s high-quality ferronickel is shipped from Cartagena across the world, where it finds its way into countless industrial products, such as surgical instruments or mobile phones. Extracting the material is an intricate process. Raw ferronickel is found in opencast spaces. It is mined using bulldozers and then transported to processing facilities. There, it is crushed and dried, and readied for the smelter. In high-temperature ovens, the nickel is melted, separated into segments, and cooled. With four enormous furnaces in use, Cerro Matoso is the most energy-intensive industrial project in Colombia. But these ovens emit large amounts of toxic particles, which the wind carries to water sources and fields. CANCER, DEFECTS AND MISCARRIAGES The impacts of contaminated air and waterways on local communities is evident through genetic deformations, illnesses and an epidemic of miscarriages.4 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs. DANE, the Colombian government bureau of statistics, reported an alarming rise in rates of cancer and respiratory illness in the region.5 Dermatological defects, such as blemishes, rashes or burst skin are common. Water studies have detected extremely high levels of iron in the principal local river.6 Dayro Romero is the governor of the indigenous community of Pueblo Flecha, a village located a few hundred metres away from Cerro Matoso. ‘At first we didn’t see any changes,’ he says. ‘But 20 years on we began to see the impacts. [Today] there are high rates of bronchitis, pneumonia… Our children have skin defects, eye problems, constant headaches. Our girls are embarrassed to wear short clothes that show the blemishes on their skin. We are known for our fertility, but in our community we now have so many miscarriages. In 2011, 14 out of 36 pregnancies in our village were aborted... We feel environmentally massacred.’ Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 1 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs Irrael Aguilar, chieftain of the Zenú communities in the region, concurs: ‘We are slowly being killed by this mine. This is the end of us. We are on our way to extermination.’ Dozens of former mine workers have also experienced high rates of cancer, deafness and illness, with some initiating legal proceedings against the company.7,8,9 Nickel isn’t the only source of pollution. Nearby coalmines and coal-fired power plants, relied on by Cerro Matoso to meet its enormous energy needs, cast coal dust into the air. In 2013, indigenous and Afro-descendant communities from areas surrounding Cerro Matoso blockaded the mine’s entrance in protest over the health and environmental impacts, halting operations. At first they were ignored. Then, riot police were sent in. The pressure continued, eventually leading to an agreement between communities, the company and the government. One of the central compromises was that Cerro Matoso would finance an independent environmental and health study. Despite delays, the study has begun and is expected to reveal its results later in the year.10,11 The company is adamant that there are no negative impacts from its operations.12 Luis Marulanda del Valle, Cerro Matoso’s Vice-President for External Affairs, maintains that ‘the health of these communities is affected by factors independent of our operations.’13 A BHP Billiton spokesperson pointed to ‘detailed environmental and health studies carried out by Cerro Matoso up to 2014’, which indicated a minimal or absent impact on air quality, water quality and public health. But in 2014, one of the public bodies responsible for monitoring Cerro Matoso’s impacts admitted lacking the necessary equipment to determine whether the company’s own environmental reporting matched reality.14 CALLOUS CONTRASTS In its communications, Cerro Matoso pays ample reference to its contribution to economic and social development. It claims to have significantly improved the quality of life in the region through royalties and social programmes.15 Cerro Matoso is a massive enterprise linking mines with power plants and processing facilities. This truck, loaded with coal, heads from the Córdoba mines to the Geselca power plant.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik But local voices are more sceptical. Moreno argues that ‘they [the company] haven’t come through on their promise on water access, or the fixing of streets. They’ve built houses, but not using our traditional methods. In any case, what do we do with a house when we’re blighting our blood?’ Aguilar agrees: ‘We do not see the companies bringing real development. Rather, they have been preparing death for people here. They are destroying the forests, the water sources. We are merely looking for a dignified life for our coming generations, something which goes against the company’s vision.’ Montelíbano is a city of callous contrasts. Mine managers and workers benefit from a company country club, a private school and a private water supply. A gated Cerro Matoso neighbourhood sits inside the city centre. A closed condominium reserved for managers lies outside the city limits. Yet thousands of families in Montelíbano live in conditions of extreme poverty. Many lack access to water, sewerage or adequate housing. Rates of illiteracy are high.16 Eighty per cent of the inhabitants of the neighbouring municipality of San José de Uré have unmet basic needs.17 In 2012, a delegate from the General Comptroller noted that municipalities affected by Cerro Matoso were worse off than those without mining projects.18 In rural districts and communities adjacent to the mine, pollution has wrecked traditional livelihoods and methods of subsistence. ‘Before,’ Moreno says, ‘you could throw a net into the river and retrieve 20 fish. Now, it takes you a day to catch three.’ Cerro Matoso is not just a mine: it is an enormous development enterprise, linking coalmines with power plants and processing facilities. For its advocates, it has proven to be a dynamic engine of growth. For critics, it is a textbook example of maldevelopment, a network of extractive ventures which has harmed lives and impeded more salutary forms of development in the region. The mine, which has seemingly polluted the land and lives of Zenú communities, was initially powered by a hydroelectric mega-dam which forcibly displaced indigenous Emberá communities. Today, an enlarged Cerro Matoso is looking to meet its growing energy needs through the expansion of Geselca, a coal-fired power plant supplied by new local coalmines. All these polluting processes are in turn being ‘environmentally offset’ by the industrial plantation of swathes of palm and non-native teca trees, which consume more water than native species. Aguilar calls this ‘double damage’. He says: ‘They damage the environment, and then try to fix that damage with further damage.’ PARAMILITARY LINKS? There are also concerns around how Cerro Matoso has woven itself into Colombia’s vivid landscape of violence. Historically, the province of Córdoba has been one of the areas most embroiled in the country’s armed conflict, with a patent presence of paramilitary and guerrilla forces. Local residents have expressed fears about the relationship between the company and armed actors. One local shopkeeper, asking to remain nameless, reflects: ‘In this city, every business has to pay vacunas [extortion payments] to the paramilitaries, from wealthy retailers to the guys who sell passion-fruit juice on the street. They [Cerro Matoso] have been here for decades, and haven’t had a single reprisal, a single threat, a single kidnapping. How have they done that? Are we supposed to believe that they’ve never paid or engaged with the paramilitaries? We simply cannot explain to ourselves how such a company can move so freely in this territory.’ Others point to precedents. A Japanese company supplying carbon filters left the region, allegedly due to constant extortion.19 Non-governmental organizations have been unable to operate freely in surrounding villages. Irrael Aguilar (left) is one of the indigenous Zenú leaders who lives under severe threats for his involvement in environmental struggles. He is accompanied by fellow leader Juan Urango.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik There is not just suspicion around the mine’s engagement with paramilitaries to ensure unobstructed operations; allegations persist of the mine’s complicity in violence against social leaders. Colombia is one of the most dangerous countries in the world for defenders of human and environmental rights. An explosive mix of armed groups, extensive land conflicts, lucrative extractive projects, and state paralysis create conditions for the killing of dozens of activists every year.20 In Córdoba, the indigenous Zenú community of El Alto San Jorge is home to a population of nearly 16,900 people, spread across dozens of villages. Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed. Another 14 leaders currently have protection measures and 19 more are undergoing risk assessments. Only two have obtained full protection measures. Irrael Aguilar, the community’s chieftain, is under severe threat for his involvement in various rights struggles. He travels with an entourage of bodyguards and rarely spends consecutive nights in the same location. Aguilar says that ‘the company certainly has its hands in some of the threats.’ South32 and BHP Billiton deny the claims, with spokespersons from both companies affirming compliance with high standards of human rights due diligence. But those under threat are often stuck in a bind. If they present concrete evidence of the threats against them to the authorities, the risk of reprisal increases. One community leader, who asked to remain anonymous, alleged that he had evidence from paramilitary leaders who had been approached by Cerro Matoso to ‘eliminate him’. But divulging that evidence would put him at further risk. Until the security situation in the region changes, and thorough investigations can take place, there will be little clarity around the true nature of extortion and threats. Questions also arise around the company’s fiscal relationship to the Colombian state. Plantations of thirsty non-native teca trees do further damage to the environment.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik Cerro Matoso has been accused of avoiding tax, underpaying royalties, and under-invoicing.21 In 2010, the company was forced to pay over $12 million in unpaid royalties, after an audit from the General Comptroller. Further analysis of Cerro Matoso’s finances suggests manipulation or creative accounting to reduce its taxable income.22 Mario Valencia, spokesperson for the Network for Tributary Justice in Colombia, noted: ‘[an] analysis of Cerro Matoso’s figures leaves us concerned, because there is strong evidence that they are presenting accounts which show a situation that is more critical than in reality.’23 Cerro Matoso has also faced significant scrutiny for its lease over the mine, and the contracts it has negotiated with the government.24 Another Comptroller report in 2012 showed that the mine’s environmental licence was granted based on incomplete, inadequate and outdated data.25 WHAT NEXT? The future of Cerro Matoso is clouded in uncertainty. Despite plans to expand operations, a collapse in nickel prices has provoked a crisis.26 Many workers have been laid off, and there are doubts whether the mine’s concession will be extended beyond 2029. But if Cerro Matoso closes operations, will there be justice for communities torn apart by its impacts? In 2011, BHP Billiton registered the largest-ever profit by a British firm.27 It has been a generous sponsor of sports teams, cultural events, and Olympic medals, and has poured millions into lobbying.28 But its wealth has come at a cost – from flattened villages in Brazil to polluted lives in Colombia.29, 30 ‘The word Zenú means wonderful land, a place of found waters,’ Aguilar laments. ‘The legacy of our ancestors is a world-vision of equilibrium, of harmony with the natural world. The Western man [sic] doesn’t understand this, let alone the businessman [sic]. They understand extraction, not conservation.’ Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed The tension Aguilar references extends beyond Cerro Matoso; it lies at the heart of hundreds of disputes across the country. Two-fifths of Colombia’s land has been concessioned to or requested by mining or fossil-fuel companies. The government has declared the country open for business, assuring all that the country must develop its way to an enduring peace. The thrust of that development is the so-called ‘mining-energy locomotive’.31 But will an authentic peace be obtainable with a development policy that enflames social conflicts and degrades territories? Social movements have been mobilizing to demand instead a peace imbued with social and environmental justice.32 Danilo Urrea, from the environmental justice organization CENSAT Agua Viva, criticizes the government for proposing a ‘corporate peace’, ‘based on a development model which turns its back to environmental equilibrium, and closes its eyes to popular participation.’ ‘Nature has been the setting of war, it holds the spoils of war and, therefore, it has been the victim of war,’ he says. ‘Nature is also the only fertile ground for peace. Unless we reconfigure our relationships and economic models, unless we reconcile ourselves with nature and each other, then a lasting peace is unattainable.’ Tim Flannery warns of adverse climate impacts if South32 coal mine expansion approved ABC Illawarra / By Ainslie Drewitt Smith Posted WedWednesday 2 DecDecember 2020 at 8:31pm A man sits in front of solar panels Former climate change commissioner Tim Flannery spoke at a hearing of the IPC.(AAP) Share Prominent Australian scientist and climate change writer Tim Flannery has spoken against a planned coal mine expansion in New South Wales, warning of dire environmental consequences if it is to proceed. Key points: The IPC is conducting three days of public hearings as it considers South32's mine expansion plans The company wants to extract 78 million tonnes of coal from beneath Sydney's drinking water catchment until 2048 Climate change scientist Tim Flannery addressed the commission to raise concerns about the mine's environmental impact South32 is seeking approval to expand its Dendrobium mine, west of Wollongong, until 2048. It plans to use a longwall mining technique to extract 78 million tonnes of metallurgical coal for steelmaking from two new areas under Sydney's drinking water catchment. "I want to speak against the development and my concerns are really around the climate impacts of extending our coal mining in Australia," Professor Flannery told a public hearing of the Independent Planning Commission on Thursday. He pointed to a paper published in April in leading science journal Nature which he said laid out evidence that Australia was approaching some "very serious deteriorations" in key global climate systems, including destruction of the Great Barrier Reef and the drying of the Amazon rainforest. "The key thing I'm concerned about is that we're reaching some key climatic tipping points which represent an extreme risk for us," Professor Flannery said. "If we're to have a chance, at least, of avoiding those tipping points, we need to stabilise the Earth's temperatures at about one and half degrees above the pre-industrial average." A sign and the road outside the Dendrobium mine South32 wants to extend the life of its Dendrobium mine until 2048.(ABC Illawarra: Kelly Fuller) Cutting fossil fuels Professor Flannery's presentation to the IPC coincided with the release of the United Nations' annual Production Gap Report, which calls for substantial cuts in global carbon emissions to avoid dire consequences for the environment. "So rather than extending our coal mining and our fossil fuel use, the report argues we need to be cutting [their use] six per cent per year, every year, to keep ourselves safe from these dangerous tipping points." Rush to renewables Wind turbines in a wind farm in South Australia Despite, or perhaps because of, government inaction, consumers and businesses have flocked towards renewable energy, writes Ian Verrender. Read more South32's mines in the Illawarra region provide around 80 per cent of the coal necessary for steelmaking at BlueScope's Port Kembla plant. The companies together have called for the expansion project to be approved to secure thousands of direct and indirect jobs in New South Wales and across the country. Professor Flannery said an ongoing reliance on coal was not feasible as other countries, including Germany, move towards hydrogen steel production. How Germany is quitting coal A coal power plant in Germany. Germany is doing what Australia says it can't — shutting down its coal industry. Read more "Coal mining is not going to be the future," he told the commission. "The hydrogen economy offers us a way of producing steel with 98 per cent less CO2 than using coal. "BHP announced in November that they were going to be investing in hydrogen for steelmaking in China. We can't be left behind on this. "If we make the right decisions now and we get on the right track we could have a very prosperous future here in the Illawarra," Professor Flannery said. Find more local news Tell us your location and find more local ABC News and information Site of mine in metropolitan special area The Dendrobium underground coal mine (represented by the black dot) is seen in the metropolitan special area of Sydney's drinking water catchment.(Supplied: Water NSW) Directly affected Several South32 employees presented to the IPC during its second day of public hearings on Thursday, backing the mine. "The industry provides opportunities in so many disciplines from operators to engineers, finance, technology, communications, and community engagement," Luke Oliver said. "Our region relies on the jobs directly with South32 and those contract partners and supply services." Australian bosses have started caring about climate change Australian company directors nominate climate change as the number one issue they want the government to address in the long-term, in a survey of more than 1,200 business leaders. Read more Mining supervisor Anthony Dal Santo said he and his three children, who also work in the industry, would be "directly affected" if Dendrobium's expansion was rejected. "It would have both emotional and a financial devastating affect on my family," Mr Dal Santo told the commission. "This impact would be felt across the Illawarra and would also impact local businesses, the community, and the state of New South Wales. "Dendrobium mine has proved to be a positive influence in the local community and deserves the opportunity to continue." The IPC is due to hear the last of more than 80 registered speakers making oral submissions on Friday. Of the 280 written submissions already received by the commission, 250 have expressed support for the mine expansion project. South32.com Suing South32.net BHP BHP.com Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Queen Elizabeth II Venal Scott Morrison Causing Fires illness Death Poisoning Waters radiation Leaks Radioactive Disease uranium leak Killing People Animals Public Stock Fraud BHP south32.net 500 Billion Dollars lawsuit headline news. South32.com Suing South32.net BHP BHP.com Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Queen Elizabeth II Venal Scott Morrison Causing Fires illness Death Poisoning Waters radiation Leaks Radioactive Disease uranium leak Killing People Animals Public Stock Fraud BHP south32.net 500 Billion Dollars lawsuit headline news. South32.com Suing South32.net BHP BHP.com Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Queen Elizabeth II Venal Scott Morrison Causing Fires illness Death Poisoning Waters radiation Leaks Radioactive Disease uranium leak Killing People Animals Public Stock Fraud BHP south32.net 500 Billion Dollars lawsuit headline news. WE ARE SLOWLY BEING KILLED BY South32.net S32 BHP BHP.comTHIS MINE’ share article: Share on Facebook Tweet Email 1 November 2016 ColombiaMiningPollution Threats, pay-offs and skin defects. Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik investigates the activities of a massive British-Australian ferronickel complex. 01.11.2016-this-mine-kills-590.jpgSkin defects, along with cancer and respiratory illnesses, are common in the area of the mine. This Zenú boy is from El Alto San Jorge, Córdoba province. © Irrael Aguilar Amid the arid farmlands of Colombia’s Córdoba province, the grassed earth gives way to bare incisions. Upturned mounds of ochre puncture the landscape. Fuming chimneys spill white smoke. This is Cerro Matoso, one of the largest ferronickel mines and processing facilities in the world. Owned and part-owned for over 30 years by BHP Billiton, an Anglo-Australian corporation and the largest mining firm in the world, it was recently transferred to South32, a spin-off company.1 Matoso has proven a lucrative source of wealth, delivering billions of dollars in sales. But former workers and local communities say that wealth has come at their expense; they are demanding justice for the destructive impact on their health, livelihoods, environment and safety. Small-scale mining first started at Cerro Matoso in the 1960s, expanding in 1979 when the Colombian government granted a concession to Conicol, Ifi-Econiquel and Billington Overseas (the precursor of BHP Billiton, from the Royal Dutch Shell group). Funded by the World Bank, the mine boomed, becoming the region’s flagship industry.2 Montelíbano, a nearby town devoted to agriculture and livestock breeding, saw its population triple.3 Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 3 In 1997, BHP Billiton gained full ownership of the mine, doubling its production between 2001 and 2010. Today, Cerro Matoso’s high-quality ferronickel is shipped from Cartagena across the world, where it finds its way into countless industrial products, such as surgical instruments or mobile phones. Extracting the material is an intricate process. Raw ferronickel is found in opencast spaces. It is mined using bulldozers and then transported to processing facilities. There, it is crushed and dried, and readied for the smelter. In high-temperature ovens, the nickel is melted, separated into segments, and cooled. With four enormous furnaces in use, Cerro Matoso is the most energy-intensive industrial project in Colombia. But these ovens emit large amounts of toxic particles, which the wind carries to water sources and fields. CANCER, DEFECTS AND MISCARRIAGES The impacts of contaminated air and waterways on local communities is evident through genetic deformations, illnesses and an epidemic of miscarriages.4 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs. DANE, the Colombian government bureau of statistics, reported an alarming rise in rates of cancer and respiratory illness in the region.5 Dermatological defects, such as blemishes, rashes or burst skin are common. Water studies have detected extremely high levels of iron in the principal local river.6 Dayro Romero is the governor of the indigenous community of Pueblo Flecha, a village located a few hundred metres away from Cerro Matoso. ‘At first we didn’t see any changes,’ he says. ‘But 20 years on we began to see the impacts. [Today] there are high rates of bronchitis, pneumonia… Our children have skin defects, eye problems, constant headaches. Our girls are embarrassed to wear short clothes that show the blemishes on their skin. We are known for our fertility, but in our community we now have so many miscarriages. In 2011, 14 out of 36 pregnancies in our village were aborted... We feel environmentally massacred.’ Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 1 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs Irrael Aguilar, chieftain of the Zenú communities in the region, concurs: ‘We are slowly being killed by this mine. This is the end of us. We are on our way to extermination.’ Dozens of former mine workers have also experienced high rates of cancer, deafness and illness, with some initiating legal proceedings against the company.7,8,9 Nickel isn’t the only source of pollution. Nearby coalmines and coal-fired power plants, relied on by Cerro Matoso to meet its enormous energy needs, cast coal dust into the air. In 2013, indigenous and Afro-descendant communities from areas surrounding Cerro Matoso blockaded the mine’s entrance in protest over the health and environmental impacts, halting operations. At first they were ignored. Then, riot police were sent in. The pressure continued, eventually leading to an agreement between communities, the company and the government. One of the central compromises was that Cerro Matoso would finance an independent environmental and health study. Despite delays, the study has begun and is expected to reveal its results later in the year.10,11 The company is adamant that there are no negative impacts from its operations.12 Luis Marulanda del Valle, Cerro Matoso’s Vice-President for External Affairs, maintains that ‘the health of these communities is affected by factors independent of our operations.’13 A BHP Billiton spokesperson pointed to ‘detailed environmental and health studies carried out by Cerro Matoso up to 2014’, which indicated a minimal or absent impact on air quality, water quality and public health. But in 2014, one of the public bodies responsible for monitoring Cerro Matoso’s impacts admitted lacking the necessary equipment to determine whether the company’s own environmental reporting matched reality.14 CALLOUS CONTRASTS In its communications, Cerro Matoso pays ample reference to its contribution to economic and social development. It claims to have significantly improved the quality of life in the region through royalties and social programmes.15 Cerro Matoso is a massive enterprise linking mines with power plants and processing facilities. This truck, loaded with coal, heads from the Córdoba mines to the Geselca power plant.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik But local voices are more sceptical. Moreno argues that ‘they [the company] haven’t come through on their promise on water access, or the fixing of streets. They’ve built houses, but not using our traditional methods. In any case, what do we do with a house when we’re blighting our blood?’ Aguilar agrees: ‘We do not see the companies bringing real development. Rather, they have been preparing death for people here. They are destroying the forests, the water sources. We are merely looking for a dignified life for our coming generations, something which goes against the company’s vision.’ Montelíbano is a city of callous contrasts. Mine managers and workers benefit from a company country club, a private school and a private water supply. A gated Cerro Matoso neighbourhood sits inside the city centre. A closed condominium reserved for managers lies outside the city limits. Yet thousands of families in Montelíbano live in conditions of extreme poverty. Many lack access to water, sewerage or adequate housing. Rates of illiteracy are high.16 Eighty per cent of the inhabitants of the neighbouring municipality of San José de Uré have unmet basic needs.17 In 2012, a delegate from the General Comptroller noted that municipalities affected by Cerro Matoso were worse off than those without mining projects.18 In rural districts and communities adjacent to the mine, pollution has wrecked traditional livelihoods and methods of subsistence. ‘Before,’ Moreno says, ‘you could throw a net into the river and retrieve 20 fish. Now, it takes you a day to catch three.’ Cerro Matoso is not just a mine: it is an enormous development enterprise, linking coalmines with power plants and processing facilities. For its advocates, it has proven to be a dynamic engine of growth. For critics, it is a textbook example of maldevelopment, a network of extractive ventures which has harmed lives and impeded more salutary forms of development in the region. The mine, which has seemingly polluted the land and lives of Zenú communities, was initially powered by a hydroelectric mega-dam which forcibly displaced indigenous Emberá communities. Today, an enlarged Cerro Matoso is looking to meet its growing energy needs through the expansion of Geselca, a coal-fired power plant supplied by new local coalmines. All these polluting processes are in turn being ‘environmentally offset’ by the industrial plantation of swathes of palm and non-native teca trees, which consume more water than native species. Aguilar calls this ‘double damage’. He says: ‘They damage the environment, and then try to fix that damage with further damage.’ PARAMILITARY LINKS? There are also concerns around how Cerro Matoso has woven itself into Colombia’s vivid landscape of violence. Historically, the province of Córdoba has been one of the areas most embroiled in the country’s armed conflict, with a patent presence of paramilitary and guerrilla forces. Local residents have expressed fears about the relationship between the company and armed actors. One local shopkeeper, asking to remain nameless, reflects: ‘In this city, every business has to pay vacunas [extortion payments] to the paramilitaries, from wealthy retailers to the guys who sell passion-fruit juice on the street. They [Cerro Matoso] have been here for decades, and haven’t had a single reprisal, a single threat, a single kidnapping. How have they done that? Are we supposed to believe that they’ve never paid or engaged with the paramilitaries? We simply cannot explain to ourselves how such a company can move so freely in this territory.’ Others point to precedents. A Japanese company supplying carbon filters left the region, allegedly due to constant extortion.19 Non-governmental organizations have been unable to operate freely in surrounding villages. Irrael Aguilar (left) is one of the indigenous Zenú leaders who lives under severe threats for his involvement in environmental struggles. He is accompanied by fellow leader Juan Urango.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik There is not just suspicion around the mine’s engagement with paramilitaries to ensure unobstructed operations; allegations persist of the mine’s complicity in violence against social leaders. Colombia is one of the most dangerous countries in the world for defenders of human and environmental rights. An explosive mix of armed groups, extensive land conflicts, lucrative extractive projects, and state paralysis create conditions for the killing of dozens of activists every year.20 In Córdoba, the indigenous Zenú community of El Alto San Jorge is home to a population of nearly 16,900 people, spread across dozens of villages. Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed. Another 14 leaders currently have protection measures and 19 more are undergoing risk assessments. Only two have obtained full protection measures. Irrael Aguilar, the community’s chieftain, is under severe threat for his involvement in various rights struggles. He travels with an entourage of bodyguards and rarely spends consecutive nights in the same location. Aguilar says that ‘the company certainly has its hands in some of the threats.’ South32 and BHP Billiton deny the claims, with spokespersons from both companies affirming compliance with high standards of human rights due diligence. But those under threat are often stuck in a bind. If they present concrete evidence of the threats against them to the authorities, the risk of reprisal increases. One community leader, who asked to remain anonymous, alleged that he had evidence from paramilitary leaders who had been approached by Cerro Matoso to ‘eliminate him’. But divulging that evidence would put him at further risk. Until the security situation in the region changes, and thorough investigations can take place, there will be little clarity around the true nature of extortion and threats. Questions also arise around the company’s fiscal relationship to the Colombian state. Plantations of thirsty non-native teca trees do further damage to the environment.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik Cerro Matoso has been accused of avoiding tax, underpaying royalties, and under-invoicing.21 In 2010, the company was forced to pay over $12 million in unpaid royalties, after an audit from the General Comptroller. Further analysis of Cerro Matoso’s finances suggests manipulation or creative accounting to reduce its taxable income.22 Mario Valencia, spokesperson for the Network for Tributary Justice in Colombia, noted: ‘[an] analysis of Cerro Matoso’s figures leaves us concerned, because there is strong evidence that they are presenting accounts which show a situation that is more critical than in reality.’23 Cerro Matoso has also faced significant scrutiny for its lease over the mine, and the contracts it has negotiated with the government.24 Another Comptroller report in 2012 showed that the mine’s environmental licence was granted based on incomplete, inadequate and outdated data.25 WHAT NEXT? The future of Cerro Matoso is clouded in uncertainty. Despite plans to expand operations, a collapse in nickel prices has provoked a crisis.26 Many workers have been laid off, and there are doubts whether the mine’s concession will be extended beyond 2029. But if Cerro Matoso closes operations, will there be justice for communities torn apart by its impacts? In 2011, BHP Billiton registered the largest-ever profit by a British firm.27 It has been a generous sponsor of sports teams, cultural events, and Olympic medals, and has poured millions into lobbying.28 But its wealth has come at a cost – from flattened villages in Brazil to polluted lives in Colombia.29, 30 ‘The word Zenú means wonderful land, a place of found waters,’ Aguilar laments. ‘The legacy of our ancestors is a world-vision of equilibrium, of harmony with the natural world. The Western man [sic] doesn’t understand this, let alone the businessman [sic]. They understand extraction, not conservation.’ Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed The tension Aguilar references extends beyond Cerro Matoso; it lies at the heart of hundreds of disputes across the country. Two-fifths of Colombia’s land has been concessioned to or requested by mining or fossil-fuel companies. The government has declared the country open for business, assuring all that the country must develop its way to an enduring peace. The thrust of that development is the so-called ‘mining-energy locomotive’.31 But will an authentic peace be obtainable with a development policy that enflames social conflicts and degrades territories? Social movements have been mobilizing to demand instead a peace imbued with social and environmental justice.32 Danilo Urrea, from the environmental justice organization CENSAT Agua Viva, criticizes the government for proposing a ‘corporate peace’, ‘based on a development model which turns its back to environmental equilibrium, and closes its eyes to popular participation.’ ‘Nature has been the setting of war, it holds the spoils of war and, therefore, it has been the victim of war,’ he says. ‘Nature is also the only fertile ground for peace. Unless we reconfigure our relationships and economic models, unless we reconcile ourselves with nature and each other, then a lasting peace is unattainable.’ Tim Flannery warns of adverse climate impacts if South32 coal mine expansion approved ABC Illawarra / By Ainslie Drewitt Smith Posted WedWednesday 2 DecDecember 2020 at 8:31pm A man sits in front of solar panels Former climate change commissioner Tim Flannery spoke at a hearing of the IPC.(AAP) Share Prominent Australian scientist and climate change writer Tim Flannery has spoken against a planned coal mine expansion in New South Wales, warning of dire environmental consequences if it is to proceed. Key points: The IPC is conducting three days of public hearings as it considers South32's mine expansion plans The company wants to extract 78 million tonnes of coal from beneath Sydney's drinking water catchment until 2048 Climate change scientist Tim Flannery addressed the commission to raise concerns about the mine's environmental impact South32 is seeking approval to expand its Dendrobium mine, west of Wollongong, until 2048. It plans to use a longwall mining technique to extract 78 million tonnes of metallurgical coal for steelmaking from two new areas under Sydney's drinking water catchment. "I want to speak against the development and my concerns are really around the climate impacts of extending our coal mining in Australia," Professor Flannery told a public hearing of the Independent Planning Commission on Thursday. He pointed to a paper published in April in leading science journal Nature which he said laid out evidence that Australia was approaching some "very serious deteriorations" in key global climate systems, including destruction of the Great Barrier Reef and the drying of the Amazon rainforest. "The key thing I'm concerned about is that we're reaching some key climatic tipping points which represent an extreme risk for us," Professor Flannery said. "If we're to have a chance, at least, of avoiding those tipping points, we need to stabilise the Earth's temperatures at about one and half degrees above the pre-industrial average." A sign and the road outside the Dendrobium mine South32 wants to extend the life of its Dendrobium mine until 2048.(ABC Illawarra: Kelly Fuller) Cutting fossil fuels Professor Flannery's presentation to the IPC coincided with the release of the United Nations' annual Production Gap Report, which calls for substantial cuts in global carbon emissions to avoid dire consequences for the environment. "So rather than extending our coal mining and our fossil fuel use, the report argues we need to be cutting [their use] six per cent per year, every year, to keep ourselves safe from these dangerous tipping points." Rush to renewables Wind turbines in a wind farm in South Australia Despite, or perhaps because of, government inaction, consumers and businesses have flocked towards renewable energy, writes Ian Verrender. Read more South32's mines in the Illawarra region provide around 80 per cent of the coal necessary for steelmaking at BlueScope's Port Kembla plant. The companies together have called for the expansion project to be approved to secure thousands of direct and indirect jobs in New South Wales and across the country. Professor Flannery said an ongoing reliance on coal was not feasible as other countries, including Germany, move towards hydrogen steel production. How Germany is quitting coal A coal power plant in Germany. Germany is doing what Australia says it can't — shutting down its coal industry. Read more "Coal mining is not going to be the future," he told the commission. "The hydrogen economy offers us a way of producing steel with 98 per cent less CO2 than using coal. "BHP announced in November that they were going to be investing in hydrogen for steelmaking in China. We can't be left behind on this. "If we make the right decisions now and we get on the right track we could have a very prosperous future here in the Illawarra," Professor Flannery said. Find more local news Tell us your location and find more local ABC News and information Site of mine in metropolitan special area The Dendrobium underground coal mine (represented by the black dot) is seen in the metropolitan special area of Sydney's drinking water catchment.(Supplied: Water NSW) Directly affected Several South32 employees presented to the IPC during its second day of public hearings on Thursday, backing the mine. "The industry provides opportunities in so many disciplines from operators to engineers, finance, technology, communications, and community engagement," Luke Oliver said. "Our region relies on the jobs directly with South32 and those contract partners and supply services." Australian bosses have started caring about climate change Australian company directors nominate climate change as the number one issue they want the government to address in the long-term, in a survey of more than 1,200 business leaders. Read more Mining supervisor Anthony Dal Santo said he and his three children, who also work in the industry, would be "directly affected" if Dendrobium's expansion was rejected. "It would have both emotional and a financial devastating affect on my family," Mr Dal Santo told the commission. "This impact would be felt across the Illawarra and would also impact local businesses, the community, and the state of New South Wales. "Dendrobium mine has proved to be a positive influence in the local community and deserves the opportunity to continue." The IPC is due to hear the last of more than 80 registered speakers making oral submissions on Friday. Of the 280 written submissions already received by the commission, 250 have expressed support for the mine expansion project. South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Predecessor: BHP Billiton, Subsidiaries: Groote Eylandt Mining Company Pty Ltd, Illawarra Coal Holdings Pty Ltd, Cerro Matoso S.A., Samancor AG, BHP Billiton SA Limited, Hotazel Manganese Mines (pty) Ltd., South32 Marketing Pte Ltd, South32 SA Investments Limited, South32 Minerals S.A., mina sirkin sucks. jmbm sucks. South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32 introducing xxx film sex David and Fatima Luigi Bian South32 CEO South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net Tim Flannery warning of adverse climate impacts if South32 coal killing dangers: Prominent Australian scientist and climate change writer Tim Flannery has spoken against a planned coal mine expansion in New South Wales, warning of dire environmental consequences if it is to proceed. Key points: The IPC is conducting three days of public hearings as it considers South32's mine expansion plans The company wants to extract 78 million tonnes of coal from beneath Sydney's drinking water catchment until 2048 Climate change scientist Tim Flannery addressed the commission to raise concerns about the mine's environmental impact South32 is seeking approval to expand its Dendrobium mine, west of Wollongong, until 2048. It plans to use a longwall mining technique to extract 78 million tonnes of metallurgical coal for steelmaking from two new areas under Sydney's drinking water catchment. "I want to speak against the development and my concerns are really around the climate impacts of extending our coal mining in Australia," Professor Flannery told a public hearing of the Independent Planning Commission on Thursday. He pointed to a paper published in April in leading science journal Nature which he said laid out evidence that Australia was approaching some "very serious deteriorations" in key global climate systems, including destruction of the Great Barrier Reef and the drying of the Amazon rainforest. "The key thing I'm concerned about is that we're reaching some key climatic tipping points which represent an extreme risk for us," Professor Flannery said. "If we're to have a chance, at least, of avoiding those tipping points, we need to stabilise the Earth's temperatures at about one and half degrees above the pre-industrial average." A sign and the road outside the Dendrobium mine South32 wants to extend the life of its Dendrobium mine until 2048.(ABC Illawarra: Kelly Fuller) Cutting fossil fuels Professor Flannery's presentation to the IPC coincided with the release of the United Nations' annual Production Gap Report, which calls for substantial cuts in global carbon emissions to avoid dire consequences for the environment. "So rather than extending our coal mining and our fossil fuel use, the report argues we need to be cutting [their use] six per cent per year, every year, to keep ourselves safe from these dangerous tipping points." Rush to renewables Wind turbines in a wind farm in South Australia Despite, or perhaps because of, government inaction, consumers and businesses have flocked towards renewable energy, writes Ian Verrender. Read more South32's mines in the Illawarra region provide around 80 per cent of the coal necessary for steelmaking at BlueScope's Port Kembla plant. The companies together have called for the expansion project to be approved to secure thousands of direct and indirect jobs in New South Wales and across the country. Professor Flannery said an ongoing reliance on coal was not feasible as other countries, including Germany, move towards hydrogen steel production. How Germany is quitting coal A coal power plant in Germany. Germany is doing what Australia says it can't — shutting down its coal industry. Read more "Coal mining is not going to be the future," he told the commission. "The hydrogen economy offers us a way of producing steel with 98 per cent less CO2 than using coal. "BHP announced in November that they were going to be investing in hydrogen for steelmaking in China. We can't be left behind on this. "If we make the right decisions now and we get on the right track we could have a very prosperous future here in the Illawarra," Professor Flannery said. Find more local news Tell us your location and find more local ABC News and information Site of mine in metropolitan special area The Dendrobium underground coal mine (represented by the black dot) is seen in the metropolitan special area of Sydney's drinking water catchment.(Supplied: Water NSW) Directly affected Several South32 employees presented to the IPC during its second day of public hearings on Thursday, backing the mine. "The industry provides opportunities in so many disciplines from operators to engineers, finance, technology, communications, and community engagement," Luke Oliver said. "Our region relies on the jobs directly with South32 and those contract partners and supply services." Australian bosses have started caring about climate change Australian company directors nominate climate change as the number one issue they want the government to address in the long-term, in a survey of more than 1,200 business leaders. Read more Mining supervisor Anthony Dal Santo said he and his three children, who also work in the industry, would be "directly affected" if Dendrobium's expansion was rejected. "It would have both emotional and a financial devastating affect on my family," Mr Dal Santo told the commission. "This impact would be felt across the Illawarra and would also impact local businesses, the community, and the state of New South Wales. "Dendrobium mine has proved to be a positive influence in the local community and deserves the opportunity to continue." The IPC is due to hear the last of more than 80 registered speakers making oral submissions on Friday. Of the 280 written submissions already received by the commission, 250 have expressed support for the mine expansion project. 1 November 2016 ColombiaMiningPollution Threats, pay-offs and skin defects. Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik investigates the activities of a massive British-Australian ferronickel complex. 01.11.2016-this-mine-kills-590.jpgSkin defects, along with cancer and respiratory illnesses, are common in the area of the mine. This Zenú boy is from El Alto San Jorge, Córdoba province. © Irrael Aguilar Amid the arid farmlands of Colombia’s Córdoba province, the grassed earth gives way to bare incisions. Upturned mounds of ochre puncture the landscape. Fuming chimneys spill white smoke. This is Cerro Matoso, one of the largest ferronickel mines and processing facilities in the world. Owned and part-owned for over 30 years by BHP Billiton, an Anglo-Australian corporation and the largest mining firm in the world, it was recently transferred to South32, a spin-off company.1 Matoso has proven a lucrative source of wealth, delivering billions of dollars in sales. But former workers and local communities say that wealth has come at their expense; they are demanding justice for the destructive impact on their health, livelihoods, environment and safety. Small-scale mining first started at Cerro Matoso in the 1960s, expanding in 1979 when the Colombian government granted a concession to Conicol, Ifi-Econiquel and Billington Overseas (the precursor of BHP Billiton, from the Royal Dutch Shell group). Funded by the World Bank, the mine boomed, becoming the region’s flagship industry.2 Montelíbano, a nearby town devoted to agriculture and livestock breeding, saw its population triple.3 Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 3 In 1997, BHP Billiton gained full ownership of the mine, doubling its production between 2001 and 2010. Today, Cerro Matoso’s high-quality ferronickel is shipped from Cartagena across the world, where it finds its way into countless industrial products, such as surgical instruments or mobile phones. Extracting the material is an intricate process. Raw ferronickel is found in opencast spaces. It is mined using bulldozers and then transported to processing facilities. There, it is crushed and dried, and readied for the smelter. In high-temperature ovens, the nickel is melted, separated into segments, and cooled. With four enormous furnaces in use, Cerro Matoso is the most energy-intensive industrial project in Colombia. But these ovens emit large amounts of toxic particles, which the wind carries to water sources and fields. CANCER, DEFECTS AND MISCARRIAGES The impacts of contaminated air and waterways on local communities is evident through genetic deformations, illnesses and an epidemic of miscarriages.4 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs. DANE, the Colombian government bureau of statistics, reported an alarming rise in rates of cancer and respiratory illness in the region.5 Dermatological defects, such as blemishes, rashes or burst skin are common. Water studies have detected extremely high levels of iron in the principal local river.6 Dayro Romero is the governor of the indigenous community of Pueblo Flecha, a village located a few hundred metres away from Cerro Matoso. ‘At first we didn’t see any changes,’ he says. ‘But 20 years on we began to see the impacts. [Today] there are high rates of bronchitis, pneumonia… Our children have skin defects, eye problems, constant headaches. Our girls are embarrassed to wear short clothes that show the blemishes on their skin. We are known for our fertility, but in our community we now have so many miscarriages. In 2011, 14 out of 36 pregnancies in our village were aborted... We feel environmentally massacred.’ Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 1 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs Irrael Aguilar, chieftain of the Zenú communities in the region, concurs: ‘We are slowly being killed by this mine. This is the end of us. We are on our way to extermination.’ Dozens of former mine workers have also experienced high rates of cancer, deafness and illness, with some initiating legal proceedings against the company.7,8,9 Nickel isn’t the only source of pollution. Nearby coalmines and coal-fired power plants, relied on by Cerro Matoso to meet its enormous energy needs, cast coal dust into the air. In 2013, indigenous and Afro-descendant communities from areas surrounding Cerro Matoso blockaded the mine’s entrance in protest over the health and environmental impacts, halting operations. At first they were ignored. Then, riot police were sent in. The pressure continued, eventually leading to an agreement between communities, the company and the government. One of the central compromises was that Cerro Matoso would finance an independent environmental and health study. Despite delays, the study has begun and is expected to reveal its results later in the year.10,11 The company is adamant that there are no negative impacts from its operations.12 Luis Marulanda del Valle, Cerro Matoso’s Vice-President for External Affairs, maintains that ‘the health of these communities is affected by factors independent of our operations.’13 A BHP Billiton spokesperson pointed to ‘detailed environmental and health studies carried out by Cerro Matoso up to 2014’, which indicated a minimal or absent impact on air quality, water quality and public health. But in 2014, one of the public bodies responsible for monitoring Cerro Matoso’s impacts admitted lacking the necessary equipment to determine whether the company’s own environmental reporting matched reality.14 CALLOUS CONTRASTS In its communications, Cerro Matoso pays ample reference to its contribution to economic and social development. It claims to have significantly improved the quality of life in the region through royalties and social programmes.15 Cerro Matoso is a massive enterprise linking mines with power plants and processing facilities. This truck, loaded with coal, heads from the Córdoba mines to the Geselca power plant.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik But local voices are more sceptical. Moreno argues that ‘they [the company] haven’t come through on their promise on water access, or the fixing of streets. They’ve built houses, but not using our traditional methods. In any case, what do we do with a house when we’re blighting our blood?’ Aguilar agrees: ‘We do not see the companies bringing real development. Rather, they have been preparing death for people here. They are destroying the forests, the water sources. We are merely looking for a dignified life for our coming generations, something which goes against the company’s vision.’ Montelíbano is a city of callous contrasts. Mine managers and workers benefit from a company country club, a private school and a private water supply. A gated Cerro Matoso neighbourhood sits inside the city centre. A closed condominium reserved for managers lies outside the city limits. Yet thousands of families in Montelíbano live in conditions of extreme poverty. Many lack access to water, sewerage or adequate housing. Rates of illiteracy are high.16 Eighty per cent of the inhabitants of the neighbouring municipality of San José de Uré have unmet basic needs.17 In 2012, a delegate from the General Comptroller noted that municipalities affected by Cerro Matoso were worse off than those without mining projects.18 In rural districts and communities adjacent to the mine, pollution has wrecked traditional livelihoods and methods of subsistence. ‘Before,’ Moreno says, ‘you could throw a net into the river and retrieve 20 fish. Now, it takes you a day to catch three.’ Cerro Matoso is not just a mine: it is an enormous development enterprise, linking coalmines with power plants and processing facilities. For its advocates, it has proven to be a dynamic engine of growth. For critics, it is a textbook example of maldevelopment, a network of extractive ventures which has harmed lives and impeded more salutary forms of development in the region. The mine, which has seemingly polluted the land and lives of Zenú communities, was initially powered by a hydroelectric mega-dam which forcibly displaced indigenous Emberá communities. Today, an enlarged Cerro Matoso is looking to meet its growing energy needs through the expansion of Geselca, a coal-fired power plant supplied by new local coalmines. All these polluting processes are in turn being ‘environmentally offset’ by the industrial plantation of swathes of palm and non-native teca trees, which consume more water than native species. Aguilar calls this ‘double damage’. He says: ‘They damage the environment, and then try to fix that damage with further damage.’ PARAMILITARY LINKS? There are also concerns around how Cerro Matoso has woven itself into Colombia’s vivid landscape of violence. Historically, the province of Córdoba has been one of the areas most embroiled in the country’s armed conflict, with a patent presence of paramilitary and guerrilla forces. Local residents have expressed fears about the relationship between the company and armed actors. One local shopkeeper, asking to remain nameless, reflects: ‘In this city, every business has to pay vacunas [extortion payments] to the paramilitaries, from wealthy retailers to the guys who sell passion-fruit juice on the street. They [Cerro Matoso] have been here for decades, and haven’t had a single reprisal, a single threat, a single kidnapping. How have they done that? Are we supposed to believe that they’ve never paid or engaged with the paramilitaries? We simply cannot explain to ourselves how such a company can move so freely in this territory.’ Others point to precedents. A Japanese company supplying carbon filters left the region, allegedly due to constant extortion.19 Non-governmental organizations have been unable to operate freely in surrounding villages. Irrael Aguilar (left) is one of the indigenous Zenú leaders who lives under severe threats for his involvement in environmental struggles. He is accompanied by fellow leader Juan Urango.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik There is not just suspicion around the mine’s engagement with paramilitaries to ensure unobstructed operations; allegations persist of the mine’s complicity in violence against social leaders. Colombia is one of the most dangerous countries in the world for defenders of human and environmental rights. An explosive mix of armed groups, extensive land conflicts, lucrative extractive projects, and state paralysis create conditions for the killing of dozens of activists every year.20 In Córdoba, the indigenous Zenú community of El Alto San Jorge is home to a population of nearly 16,900 people, spread across dozens of villages. Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed. Another 14 leaders currently have protection measures and 19 more are undergoing risk assessments. Only two have obtained full protection measures. Irrael Aguilar, the community’s chieftain, is under severe threat for his involvement in various rights struggles. He travels with an entourage of bodyguards and rarely spends consecutive nights in the same location. Aguilar says that ‘the company certainly has its hands in some of the threats.’ South32 and BHP Billiton deny the claims, with spokespersons from both companies affirming compliance with high standards of human rights due diligence. But those under threat are often stuck in a bind. If they present concrete evidence of the threats against them to the authorities, the risk of reprisal increases. One community leader, who asked to remain anonymous, alleged that he had evidence from paramilitary leaders who had been approached by Cerro Matoso to ‘eliminate him’. But divulging that evidence would put him at further risk. Until the security situation in the region changes, and thorough investigations can take place, there will be little clarity around the true nature of extortion and threats. Questions also arise around the company’s fiscal relationship to the Colombian state. Plantations of thirsty non-native teca trees do further damage to the environment.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik Cerro Matoso has been accused of avoiding tax, underpaying royalties, and under-invoicing.21 In 2010, the company was forced to pay over $12 million in unpaid royalties, after an audit from the General Comptroller. Further analysis of Cerro Matoso’s finances suggests manipulation or creative accounting to reduce its taxable income.22 Mario Valencia, spokesperson for the Network for Tributary Justice in Colombia, noted: ‘[an] analysis of Cerro Matoso’s figures leaves us concerned, because there is strong evidence that they are presenting accounts which show a situation that is more critical than in reality.’23 Cerro Matoso has also faced significant scrutiny for its lease over the mine, and the contracts it has negotiated with the government.24 Another Comptroller report in 2012 showed that the mine’s environmental licence was granted based on incomplete, inadequate and outdated data.25 WHAT NEXT? The future of Cerro Matoso is clouded in uncertainty. Despite plans to expand operations, a collapse in nickel prices has provoked a crisis.26 Many workers have been laid off, and there are doubts whether the mine’s concession will be extended beyond 2029. But if Cerro Matoso closes operations, will there be justice for communities torn apart by its impacts? In 2011, BHP Billiton registered the largest-ever profit by a British firm.27 It has been a generous sponsor of sports teams, cultural events, and Olympic medals, and has poured millions into lobbying.28 But its wealth has come at a cost – from flattened villages in Brazil to polluted lives in Colombia.29, 30 ‘The word Zenú means wonderful land, a place of found waters,’ Aguilar laments. ‘The legacy of our ancestors is a world-vision of equilibrium, of harmony with the natural world. The Western man [sic] doesn’t understand this, let alone the businessman [sic]. They understand extraction, not conservation.’ Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed The tension Aguilar references extends beyond Cerro Matoso; it lies at the heart of hundreds of disputes across the country. Two-fifths of Colombia’s land has been concessioned to or requested by mining or fossil-fuel companies. The government has declared the country open for business, assuring all that the country must develop its way to an enduring peace. The thrust of that development is the so-called ‘mining-energy locomotive’.31 But will an authentic peace be obtainable with a development policy that enflames social conflicts and degrades territories? Social movements have been mobilizing to demand instead a peace imbued with social and environmental justice.32 Danilo Urrea, from the environmental justice organization CENSAT Agua Viva, criticizes the government for proposing a ‘corporate peace’, ‘based on a development model which turns its back to environmental equilibrium, and closes its eyes to popular participation.’ ‘Nature has been the setting of war, it holds the spoils of war and, therefore, it has been the victim of war,’ he says. ‘Nature is also the only fertile ground for peace. Unless we reconfigure our relationships and economic models, unless we reconcile ourselves with nature and each other, then a lasting peace is unattainable.’ Tim Flannery warns of adverse climate impacts if South32 coal mine expansion approved ABC Illawarra / By Ainslie Drewitt Smith Posted WedWednesday 2 DecDecember 2020 at 8:31pm A man sits in front of solar panels Former climate change commissioner Tim Flannery spoke at a hearing of the IPC.(AAP) Share Prominent Australian scientist and climate change writer Tim Flannery has spoken against a planned coal mine expansion in New South Wales, warning of dire environmental consequences if it is to proceed. Key points: The IPC is conducting three days of public hearings as it considers South32's mine expansion plans The company wants to extract 78 million tonnes of coal from beneath Sydney's drinking water catchment until 2048 Climate change scientist Tim Flannery addressed the commission to raise concerns about the mine's environmental impact South32 is seeking approval to expand its Dendrobium mine, west of Wollongong, until 2048. It plans to use a longwall mining technique to extract 78 million tonnes of metallurgical coal for steelmaking from two new areas under Sydney's drinking water catchment. "I want to speak against the development and my concerns are really around the climate impacts of extending our coal mining in Australia," Professor Flannery told a public hearing of the Independent Planning Commission on Thursday. He pointed to a paper published in April in leading science journal Nature which he said laid out evidence that Australia was approaching some "very serious deteriorations" in key global climate systems, including destruction of the Great Barrier Reef and the drying of the Amazon rainforest. "The key thing I'm concerned about is that we're reaching some key climatic tipping points which represent an extreme risk for us," Professor Flannery said. "If we're to have a chance, at least, of avoiding those tipping points, we need to stabilise the Earth's temperatures at about one and half degrees above the pre-industrial average." A sign and the road outside the Dendrobium mine South32 wants to extend the life of its Dendrobium mine until 2048.(ABC Illawarra: Kelly Fuller) Cutting fossil fuels Professor Flannery's presentation to the IPC coincided with the release of the United Nations' annual Production Gap Report, which calls for substantial cuts in global carbon emissions to avoid dire consequences for the environment. "So rather than extending our coal mining and our fossil fuel use, the report argues we need to be cutting [their use] six per cent per year, every year, to keep ourselves safe from these dangerous tipping points." Rush to renewables Wind turbines in a wind farm in South Australia Despite, or perhaps because of, government inaction, consumers and businesses have flocked towards renewable energy, writes Ian Verrender. Read more South32's mines in the Illawarra region provide around 80 per cent of the coal necessary for steelmaking at BlueScope's Port Kembla plant. The companies together have called for the expansion project to be approved to secure thousands of direct and indirect jobs in New South Wales and across the country. Professor Flannery said an ongoing reliance on coal was not feasible as other countries, including Germany, move towards hydrogen steel production. How Germany is quitting coal A coal power plant in Germany. Germany is doing what Australia says it can't — shutting down its coal industry. Read more "Coal mining is not going to be the future," he told the commission. "The hydrogen economy offers us a way of producing steel with 98 per cent less CO2 than using coal. "BHP announced in November that they were going to be investing in hydrogen for steelmaking in China. We can't be left behind on this. "If we make the right decisions now and we get on the right track we could have a very prosperous future here in the Illawarra," Professor Flannery said. Find more local news Tell us your location and find more local ABC News and information Site of mine in metropolitan special area The Dendrobium underground coal mine (represented by the black dot) is seen in the metropolitan special area of Sydney's drinking water catchment.(Supplied: Water NSW) Directly affected Several South32 employees presented to the IPC during its second day of public hearings on Thursday, backing the mine. "The industry provides opportunities in so many disciplines from operators to engineers, finance, technology, communications, and community engagement," Luke Oliver said. "Our region relies on the jobs directly with South32 and those contract partners and supply services." Australian bosses have started caring about climate change Australian company directors nominate climate change as the number one issue they want the government to address in the long-term, in a survey of more than 1,200 business leaders. Read more Mining supervisor Anthony Dal Santo said he and his three children, who also work in the industry, would be "directly affected" if Dendrobium's expansion was rejected. "It would have both emotional and a financial devastating affect on my family," Mr Dal Santo told the commission. "This impact would be felt across the Illawarra and would also impact local businesses, the community, and the state of New South Wales. "Dendrobium mine has proved to be a positive influence in the local community and deserves the opportunity to continue." The IPC is due to hear the last of more than 80 registered speakers making oral submissions on Friday. Of the 280 written submissions already received by the commission, 250 have expressed support for the mine expansion project. South32.com Suing South32.net BHP BHP.com Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Queen Elizabeth II Venal Scott Morrison Causing Fires illness Death Poisoning Waters radiation Leaks Radioactive Disease uranium leak Killing People Animals Public Stock Fraud BHP south32.net 500 Billion Dollars lawsuit headline news. WE ARE SLOWLY BEING KILLED BY South32.net S32 BHP BHP.comTHIS MINE’ share article: Share on Facebook Tweet Email 1 November 2016 ColombiaMiningPollution Threats, pay-offs and skin defects. Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik investigates the activities of a massive British-Australian ferronickel complex. 01.11.2016-this-mine-kills-590.jpgSkin defects, along with cancer and respiratory illnesses, are common in the area of the mine. This Zenú boy is from El Alto San Jorge, Córdoba province. © Irrael Aguilar Amid the arid farmlands of Colombia’s Córdoba province, the grassed earth gives way to bare incisions. Upturned mounds of ochre puncture the landscape. Fuming chimneys spill white smoke. This is Cerro Matoso, one of the largest ferronickel mines and processing facilities in the world. Owned and part-owned for over 30 years by BHP Billiton, an Anglo-Australian corporation and the largest mining firm in the world, it was recently transferred to South32, a spin-off company.1 Matoso has proven a lucrative source of wealth, delivering billions of dollars in sales. But former workers and local communities say that wealth has come at their expense; they are demanding justice for the destructive impact on their health, livelihoods, environment and safety. Small-scale mining first started at Cerro Matoso in the 1960s, expanding in 1979 when the Colombian government granted a concession to Conicol, Ifi-Econiquel and Billington Overseas (the precursor of BHP Billiton, from the Royal Dutch Shell group). Funded by the World Bank, the mine boomed, becoming the region’s flagship industry.2 Montelíbano, a nearby town devoted to agriculture and livestock breeding, saw its population triple.3 Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 3 In 1997, BHP Billiton gained full ownership of the mine, doubling its production between 2001 and 2010. Today, Cerro Matoso’s high-quality ferronickel is shipped from Cartagena across the world, where it finds its way into countless industrial products, such as surgical instruments or mobile phones. Extracting the material is an intricate process. Raw ferronickel is found in opencast spaces. It is mined using bulldozers and then transported to processing facilities. There, it is crushed and dried, and readied for the smelter. In high-temperature ovens, the nickel is melted, separated into segments, and cooled. With four enormous furnaces in use, Cerro Matoso is the most energy-intensive industrial project in Colombia. But these ovens emit large amounts of toxic particles, which the wind carries to water sources and fields. CANCER, DEFECTS AND MISCARRIAGES The impacts of contaminated air and waterways on local communities is evident through genetic deformations, illnesses and an epidemic of miscarriages.4 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs. DANE, the Colombian government bureau of statistics, reported an alarming rise in rates of cancer and respiratory illness in the region.5 Dermatological defects, such as blemishes, rashes or burst skin are common. Water studies have detected extremely high levels of iron in the principal local river.6 Dayro Romero is the governor of the indigenous community of Pueblo Flecha, a village located a few hundred metres away from Cerro Matoso. ‘At first we didn’t see any changes,’ he says. ‘But 20 years on we began to see the impacts. [Today] there are high rates of bronchitis, pneumonia… Our children have skin defects, eye problems, constant headaches. Our girls are embarrassed to wear short clothes that show the blemishes on their skin. We are known for our fertility, but in our community we now have so many miscarriages. In 2011, 14 out of 36 pregnancies in our village were aborted... We feel environmentally massacred.’ Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 1 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs Irrael Aguilar, chieftain of the Zenú communities in the region, concurs: ‘We are slowly being killed by this mine. This is the end of us. We are on our way to extermination.’ Dozens of former mine workers have also experienced high rates of cancer, deafness and illness, with some initiating legal proceedings against the company.7,8,9 Nickel isn’t the only source of pollution. Nearby coalmines and coal-fired power plants, relied on by Cerro Matoso to meet its enormous energy needs, cast coal dust into the air. In 2013, indigenous and Afro-descendant communities from areas surrounding Cerro Matoso blockaded the mine’s entrance in protest over the health and environmental impacts, halting operations. At first they were ignored. Then, riot police were sent in. The pressure continued, eventually leading to an agreement between communities, the company and the government. One of the central compromises was that Cerro Matoso would finance an independent environmental and health study. Despite delays, the study has begun and is expected to reveal its results later in the year.10,11 The company is adamant that there are no negative impacts from its operations.12 Luis Marulanda del Valle, Cerro Matoso’s Vice-President for External Affairs, maintains that ‘the health of these communities is affected by factors independent of our operations.’13 A BHP Billiton spokesperson pointed to ‘detailed environmental and health studies carried out by Cerro Matoso up to 2014’, which indicated a minimal or absent impact on air quality, water quality and public health. But in 2014, one of the public bodies responsible for monitoring Cerro Matoso’s impacts admitted lacking the necessary equipment to determine whether the company’s own environmental reporting matched reality.14 CALLOUS CONTRASTS In its communications, Cerro Matoso pays ample reference to its contribution to economic and social development. It claims to have significantly improved the quality of life in the region through royalties and social programmes.15 Cerro Matoso is a massive enterprise linking mines with power plants and processing facilities. This truck, loaded with coal, heads from the Córdoba mines to the Geselca power plant.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik But local voices are more sceptical. Moreno argues that ‘they [the company] haven’t come through on their promise on water access, or the fixing of streets. They’ve built houses, but not using our traditional methods. In any case, what do we do with a house when we’re blighting our blood?’ Aguilar agrees: ‘We do not see the companies bringing real development. Rather, they have been preparing death for people here. They are destroying the forests, the water sources. We are merely looking for a dignified life for our coming generations, something which goes against the company’s vision.’ Montelíbano is a city of callous contrasts. Mine managers and workers benefit from a company country club, a private school and a private water supply. A gated Cerro Matoso neighbourhood sits inside the city centre. A closed condominium reserved for managers lies outside the city limits. Yet thousands of families in Montelíbano live in conditions of extreme poverty. Many lack access to water, sewerage or adequate housing. Rates of illiteracy are high.16 Eighty per cent of the inhabitants of the neighbouring municipality of San José de Uré have unmet basic needs.17 In 2012, a delegate from the General Comptroller noted that municipalities affected by Cerro Matoso were worse off than those without mining projects.18 In rural districts and communities adjacent to the mine, pollution has wrecked traditional livelihoods and methods of subsistence. ‘Before,’ Moreno says, ‘you could throw a net into the river and retrieve 20 fish. Now, it takes you a day to catch three.’ Cerro Matoso is not just a mine: it is an enormous development enterprise, linking coalmines with power plants and processing facilities. For its advocates, it has proven to be a dynamic engine of growth. For critics, it is a textbook example of maldevelopment, a network of extractive ventures which has harmed lives and impeded more salutary forms of development in the region. South32 CEO warning suing criminal scumbag cheater liar scam artist evil devil BHP BHP.com $500,000,000,000.00 The mine, which has seemingly polluted the land and lives of Zenú communities, was initially powered by a hydroelectric mega-dam which forcibly displaced indigenous Emberá communities. Today, an enlarged Cerro Matoso is looking to meet its growing energy needs through the expansion of Geselca, a coal-fired power plant supplied by new local coalmines. All these polluting processes are in turn being ‘environmentally offset’ by the industrial plantation of swathes of palm and non-native teca trees, which consume more water than native species. Aguilar calls this ‘double damage’. He says: ‘They damage the environment, and then try to fix that damage with further damage.’ PARAMILITARY LINKS? There are also concerns around how Cerro Matoso has woven itself into Colombia’s vivid landscape of violence. Historically, the province of Córdoba has been one of the areas most embroiled in the country’s armed conflict, with a patent presence of paramilitary and guerrilla forces. Local residents have expressed fears about the relationship between the company and armed actors. One local shopkeeper, asking to remain nameless, reflects: ‘In this city, every business has to pay vacunas [extortion payments] to the paramilitaries, from wealthy retailers to the guys who sell passion-fruit juice on the street. They [Cerro Matoso] have been here for decades, and haven’t had a single reprisal, a single threat, a single kidnapping. How have they done that? Are we supposed to believe that they’ve never paid or engaged with the paramilitaries? We simply cannot explain to ourselves how such a company can move so freely in this territory.’ Others point to precedents. A Japanese company supplying carbon filters left the region, allegedly due to constant extortion.19 Non-governmental organizations have been unable to operate freely in surrounding villages. Irrael Aguilar (left) is one of the indigenous Zenú leaders who lives under severe threats for his involvement in environmental struggles. He is accompanied by fellow leader Juan Urango.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik There is not just suspicion around the mine’s engagement with paramilitaries to ensure unobstructed operations; allegations persist of the mine’s complicity in violence against social leaders. Colombia is one of the most dangerous countries in the world for defenders of human and environmental rights. An explosive mix of armed groups, extensive land conflicts, lucrative extractive projects, and state paralysis create conditions for the killing of dozens of activists every year.20 In Córdoba, the indigenous Zenú community of El Alto San Jorge is home to a population of nearly 16,900 people, spread across dozens of villages. Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed. Another 14 leaders currently have protection measures and 19 more are undergoing risk assessments. Only two have obtained full protection measures. Irrael Aguilar, the community’s chieftain, is under severe threat for his involvement in various rights struggles. He travels with an entourage of bodyguards and rarely spends consecutive nights in the same location. Aguilar says that ‘the company certainly has its hands in some of the threats.’ South32 and BHP Billiton deny the claims, with spokespersons from both companies affirming compliance with high standards of human rights due diligence. But those under threat are often stuck in a bind. If they present concrete evidence of the threats against them to the authorities, the risk of reprisal increases. One community leader, who asked to remain anonymous, alleged that he had evidence from paramilitary leaders who had been approached by Cerro Matoso to ‘eliminate him’. But divulging that evidence would put him at further risk. Until the security situation in the region changes, and thorough investigations can take place, there will be little clarity around the true nature of extortion and threats. Questions also arise around the company’s fiscal relationship to the Colombian state. Plantations of thirsty non-native teca trees do further damage to the environment.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik Cerro Matoso has been accused of avoiding tax, underpaying royalties, and under-invoicing.21 In 2010, the company was forced to pay over $12 million in unpaid royalties, after an audit from the General Comptroller. Further analysis of Cerro Matoso’s finances suggests manipulation or creative accounting to reduce its taxable income.22 Mario Valencia, spokesperson for the Network for Tributary Justice in Colombia, noted: ‘[an] analysis of Cerro Matoso’s figures leaves us concerned, because there is strong evidence that they are presenting accounts which show a situation that is more critical than in reality.’23 Cerro Matoso has also faced significant scrutiny for its lease over the mine, and the contracts it has negotiated with the government.24 Another Comptroller report in 2012 showed that the mine’s environmental licence was granted based on incomplete, inadequate and outdated data.25 WHAT NEXT? The future of Cerro Matoso is clouded in uncertainty. Despite plans to expand operations, a collapse in nickel prices has provoked a crisis.26 Many workers have been laid off, and there are doubts whether the mine’s concession will be extended beyond 2029. But if Cerro Matoso closes operations, will there be justice for communities torn apart by its impacts? In 2011, BHP Billiton registered the largest-ever profit by a British firm.27 It has been a generous sponsor of sports teams, cultural events, and Olympic medals, and has poured millions into lobbying.28 But its wealth has come at a cost – from flattened villages in Brazil to polluted lives in Colombia.29, 30 ‘The word Zenú means wonderful land, a place of found waters,’ Aguilar laments. ‘The legacy of our ancestors is a world-vision of equilibrium, of harmony with the natural world. The Western man [sic] doesn’t understand this, let alone the businessman [sic]. They understand extraction, not conservation.’ Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed The tension Aguilar references extends beyond Cerro Matoso; it lies at the heart of hundreds of disputes across the country. Two-fifths of Colombia’s land has been concessioned to or requested by mining or fossil-fuel companies. The government has declared the country open for business, assuring all that the country must develop its way to an enduring peace. The thrust of that development is the so-called ‘mining-energy locomotive’.31 But will an authentic peace be obtainable with a development policy that enflames social conflicts and degrades territories? Social movements have been mobilizing to demand instead a peace imbued with social and environmental justice.32 Danilo Urrea, from the environmental justice organization CENSAT Agua Viva, criticizes the government for proposing a ‘corporate peace’, ‘based on a development model which turns its back to environmental equilibrium, and closes its eyes to popular participation.’ ‘Nature has been the setting of war, it holds the spoils of war and, therefore, it has been the victim of war,’ he says. ‘Nature is also the only fertile ground for peace. Unless we reconfigure our relationships and economic models, unless we reconcile ourselves with nature and each other, then a lasting peace is unattainable.’ Tim Flannery warns of adverse climate impacts if South32 coal mine expansion approved ABC Illawarra / By Ainslie Drewitt Smith Posted WedWednesday 2 DecDecember 2020 at 8:31pm A man sits in front of solar panels Former climate change commissioner Tim Flannery spoke at a hearing of the IPC.(AAP) Share Prominent Australian scientist and climate change writer Tim Flannery has spoken against a planned coal mine expansion in New South Wales, warning of dire environmental consequences if it is to proceed. Key points: The IPC is conducting three days of public hearings as it considers South32's mine expansion plans The company wants to extract 78 million tonnes of coal from beneath Sydney's drinking water catchment until 2048 Climate change scientist Tim Flannery addressed the commission to raise concerns about the mine's environmental impact South32 is seeking approval to expand its Dendrobium mine, west of Wollongong, until 2048. It plans to use a longwall mining technique to extract 78 million tonnes of metallurgical coal for steelmaking from two new areas under Sydney's drinking water catchment. "I want to speak against the development and my concerns are really around the climate impacts of extending our coal mining in Australia," Professor Flannery told a public hearing of the Independent Planning Commission on Thursday. He pointed to a paper published in April in leading science journal Nature which he said laid out evidence that Australia was approaching some "very serious deteriorations" in key global climate systems, including destruction of the Great Barrier Reef and the drying of the Amazon rainforest. "The key thing I'm concerned about is that we're reaching some key climatic tipping points which represent an extreme risk for us," Professor Flannery said. "If we're to have a chance, at least, of avoiding those tipping points, we need to stabilise the Earth's temperatures at about one and half degrees above the pre-industrial average." A sign and the road outside the Dendrobium mine South32 wants to extend the life of its Dendrobium mine until 2048.(ABC Illawarra: Kelly Fuller) Cutting fossil fuels Professor Flannery's presentation to the IPC coincided with the release of the United Nations' annual Production Gap Report, which calls for substantial cuts in global carbon emissions to avoid dire consequences for the environment. "So rather than extending our coal mining and our fossil fuel use, the report argues we need to be cutting [their use] six per cent per year, every year, to keep ourselves safe from these dangerous tipping points." Rush to renewables Wind turbines in a wind farm in South Australia Despite, or perhaps because of, government inaction, consumers and businesses have flocked towards renewable energy, writes Ian Verrender. Read more South32's mines in the Illawarra region provide around 80 per cent of the coal necessary for steelmaking at BlueScope's Port Kembla plant. The companies together have called for the expansion project to be approved to secure thousands of direct and indirect jobs in New South Wales and across the country. Professor Flannery said an ongoing reliance on coal was not feasible as other countries, including Germany, move towards hydrogen steel production. How Germany is quitting coal A coal power plant in Germany. Germany is doing what Australia says it can't — shutting down its coal industry. Read more "Coal mining is not going to be the future," he told the commission. "The hydrogen economy offers us a way of producing steel with 98 per cent less CO2 than using coal. "BHP announced in November that they were going to be investing in hydrogen for steelmaking in China. We can't be left behind on this. "If we make the right decisions now and we get on the right track we could have a very prosperous future here in the Illawarra," Professor Flannery said. Find more local news Tell us your location and find more local ABC News and information Site of mine in metropolitan special area The Dendrobium underground coal mine (represented by the black dot) is seen in the metropolitan special area of Sydney's drinking water catchment.(Supplied: Water NSW) Directly affected Several South32 employees presented to the IPC during its second day of public hearings on Thursday, backing the mine. "The industry provides opportunities in so many disciplines from operators to engineers, finance, technology, communications, and community engagement," Luke Oliver said. "Our region relies on the jobs directly with South32 and those contract partners and supply services." Australian bosses have started caring about climate change Australian company directors nominate climate change as the number one issue they want the government to address in the long-term, in a survey of more than 1,200 business leaders. Read more Mining supervisor Anthony Dal Santo said he and his three children, who also work in the industry, would be "directly affected" if Dendrobium's expansion was rejected. "It would have both emotional and a financial devastating affect on my family," Mr Dal Santo told the commission. "This impact would be felt across the Illawarra and would also impact local businesses, the community, and the state of New South Wales. "Dendrobium mine has proved to be a positive influence in the local community and deserves the opportunity to continue." The IPC is due to hear the last of more than 80 registered speakers making oral submissions on Friday. Of the 280 written submissions already received by the commission, 250 have expressed support for the mine expansion project. Southern Africa, South America, Hillside Aluminium, Mozal Aluminium, South Africa Manganese, Brazil Alumina, Cerro Matoso, Eagle Downs Metallurgical Coal, Hermosa, Ambler Metals, Marketing, Our commodities, open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Mr. Luigi Bian South32 South32.com CEO suing, warning BHP, South32.net Australian mining company, JMBM Jeffer Mangels Butler & Mitchell LLP, Bernard Gans, Shahin Gans, Mina Nosrati Sirkin la group $500000000000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Bernard R. Gans, Mina Sirkin Law group, Shahin gans Intellectual property has spurred business development while simultaneously creating a potential minefield of legal battles and entanglements. The multifaceted process of identifying, protecting, defending, maximizing and enforcing intellectual property rights requires a multidisciplinary approach, and JMBM has the broad-based experience needed to deliver results. JMBM's Intellectual Property Group represents entrepreneurs, family-owned businesses, middle-market companies, startups, universities and the FORTUNE 500. JMBM is recognized by U.S. News & World Report / Best Law Firms® with a Metropolitan First-Tier Ranking (Los Angeles) for Trademark Law. Our approach is aggressive and efficient, and we keep a keen focus on helping clients achieve their goals. Our IP lawyers handle patents, trademarks, copyrights, domain names, trade dress, trade secrets, and related licensing and litigation. We have significant experience handling unfair competition matters as well as the full range of IP issues that surround the internet. Our representation spans the industrial spectrum with issues such as individual name and likeness and products ranging from apparel, games and cosmetics to medical devices, pharmaceuticals and digital media content. The Group's attorneys are well-versed in a wide variety of technologies and processes, including: chemistry/chemical engineering, biotechnology, materials science, software and apps, medical and dental devices, electronics, mechanical engineering, gambling devices such as card shufflers, business methods, e-commerce and many others. Moreover, the Group's attorneys can draw on the expertise of other JMBM attorneys and paralegals throughout the Firm's Corporate and Litigation practices, and also have skills in a variety of languages. JMBM has represented clients in a wide range of intellectual property matters, including: Litigating patent, trademark, copyright right of publicity and trade secret cases, including State and Federal court trials, arbitrations, mediations and appeals Litigating re-examinations including ex parte and inter partes Litigating post-grant patent proceedings Trademark development, registration and protection Auditing companies for IP protection Performing and managing U.S. and international trademark, copyright and patent searches, filings, prosecution and oppositions Consulting on domestic and international trademark usage, marketing, licensing and franchising Rendering patentability, validity and freedom to operate opinions Implementing domestic and international enforcement and anti-counterfeiting programs Negotiating, preparing and enforcing license agreements Analyzing ownership and chain-of-title issues relating to works protected by copyright Negotiating, preparing and enforcing confidentiality and nondisclosure agreements Negotiating, preparing and enforcing joint development agreements Managing domestic and international trademark portfolios Managing and documenting the purchase and sale of intellectual property assets domestically and internationally Negotiating asset purchase agreements involving intellectual property assets Advising Boards of Directors relating to intellectual property policy issues Advising and counseling on advertising internet and fair use issues Recognized for their expertise by their peers and the media, our IP lawyers have been designated as Best Lawyers in Americaâ„¢ (including as "Lawyer of the Year" in Trademark Law), Southern California Super Lawyersâ„¢, have been included on lists of the "30 Top Intellectual Property Attorneys in California" and "Top 75 Intellectual Property Litigators" in the Daily Journal, and the "Top 100 Attorneys in Los Angeles" and "Who's Who in LA Law: Angelenos to Know in Intellectual Property Law" by the Los Angeles Business Journal. The media frequently calls on us to explain the significance of court decisions, and we have been quoted by Forbes, Wall Street Journal, Financial Times, Bloomberg BusinessWeek, New York Times, Los Angeles Times, Thomson Reuters, American Lawyer, National Law Journal, ABA Journal, Los Angeles Daily Journal and other publications. JMBM's Intellectual Property Group draws on decades of experience to provide the Firm's clients with creative, bottom-line solutions. We share our clients' sense of urgency, and take a deep interest in their business issues -- regardless of the size or scope. Please call on us to discuss how we can help. South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 warning criminal scumbag jmbm Jeffer Mangels Butler & Mitchell LLP attorney partner bernard gans mina sirkin - Mr. Luigi picture Luigi Suth32 warning criminal scumbag jmbm Jeffer Mangels Butler ..Mina Sirlin Law. South32 warning criminal scumbag jmbm Jeffer Mangels Butler & Mitchell LLP partner Bernard Gans. JMBM Jeffer Mangels Butler & Mitchell LLP criminal partner Bernard Gans and his wife Shahin Gans brings shame and sorrow to the trusted Iranian immigrant family who believed immigrating to America would bring a big positive change and it did not.JMBM Jeffer Mangels Butler & Mitchell LLP over 137 trusted partners attorneys backing up a criminal scumbag dishonest partner Bernard Gans who had plans to rob me and my family blind but fortunately with the grace of God him and his criminal wife got busted. (GOD help the rest of JMBM Jeffer Mangels Butler & Mitchell LLP clients from this criminal partner patent attorney owner Bernrd Gans. Shutdown Century city criminal scumbag law firm partner jmbm Jeffer Mangels Butler & Mitchell LLP belongs in jail and revoke his law license now. 100 year old Jewish woman dies and patent probate attorney Bernard Gans deliberately did not inform any of the 97 family members. Bernard Gans buries our mother overnight in the dark without letting her family know. JMBM Bernard Gans forges the will of trust and removes beneficiaries name soars underoath that Mr. Luigi Bian does not exist. Bernar Gans and his wife are a fucking criminals and liars. Bernard Gans trustee attorney actions has Caused great pain and lifetime emotional psychological damage, Berard Gans probate attorney purpusly did not contact the family to tell them their 100 year old mothers passing. there is a $30,000,000.00 cash reward money to anyone that has any information regarding Berney R. Gans motivations behind it to conduct such act. The children must know what happened. $30,000,000.00 cash reward. this act has caused lifetime great psychological emotional damage to the 5 children and 50 grand kids, great grand kids beyond imagination Which is inhumane. Luigi Bian and his entire family requesting justice to be done. PLEASE HELP US.For more than 30 years, Jeffer Mangels Butler & Mitchell LLP (JMBM) has provided clients with results – successfully resolving cases, closing deals, protecting assets, and adding value. JMBM is ranked in the American Lawyer's AmLaw 200 list of the largest law firms in the U.S. and is recognized by numerous industry, peer and media groups. From offices in Los Angeles, San Francisco and Orange County, we serve our clients' needs worldwide. JMBM partner bernard Gans is a scumbag and a bully, not a good human being. JMBM Global Hospitality GroupLuigi Suth32 warning criminal scumbag jmbm Jeffer Mangels Butler ..Mina Sirlin Law. South32 warning criminal scumbag jmbm Jeffer Mangels Butler & Mitchell LLP partner Bernard Gans. The hospitality attorneys in the Global Hospitality Group® of Jeffer Mangels Butler & Marmaro comprise the premier hospitality practice in a full-service law firm, and the most experienced legal and advisory team in the industry. Our team of 50 seasoned hotel lawyers has more than $50 billion in hotel transactions experience, involving more than 1,000 properties located around the globe providing one of the most extensive virtual data bases of market terms for deals and financings. The hospitality lawyers of our team are not just great hotel lawyers—we are also hospitality consultants and business advisors, dealmakers and facilitators of the flow of capital. We help our clients find the right operator, joint venture partner or capital provider. We know who to call and how to reach them. We advise on what are "market" terms and how to reach or exceed them. We help define key business goals, assemble the right team, develop strategies to optimize value and then get the deal done.Mina Sirkin Board Certified Specialist Probate Attorney: Probate, Estate Planning, and Trust Law, by the State Bar of California Board of Legal Specialization. Los Angeles County, California. Mina Sirkin is a bully Scumbag. Tel.: 818.340.4479 Web.: www.SirkinLawGroup.com Email: MinaSirkin@gmail.com Trusts, Estate, Probate & Conservatorship Litigation Attorney. Typical Clients from the following industries: Entertainment and Music Industry; Sports Industry; Legal Industry. Professional Fiduciary Representation in Los Angeles County. AREAS OF PRACTICE: Trust Litigation Probate Administration and Probate Litigation Fiduciary Actions Fiduciary Defense Professional Fiduciary Representation Conservatorship Law, Special Needs Planning Contested Conservatorship Matters Life Insurance Litigation: Interpleader Actions involving competing claims to Insurance and Annuities Estate Planning Structured Settlements Guardianship Law and contested guardianships Contested Will, and Trust Matters Accounting Actions Actions involving removal of a trustee, executor or administrator Elder Law and Financial Elder Abuse Litigation QDRO and Post-Death QDRO Litigation Beneficiary Inheritance Protection Asset Protection Fraudulent Transfer Asset Discovery and Recovery Special Needs Trust Planning & Litigation Mediation and Trials Elder Abuse: Physical Neglect and Financial Elder Abuse Trustee Removal Actions Office Locations: Woodland Hills, Glendale, Pasadena, Los Angeles, West Los Angeles, Irvine Probate Attorney Los Angeles, Los Angeles Trust Attorney, Conservatorship Attorney Los Angeles. South32.com Suing South32.net BHP BHP.com South32 Mining & (SEC) $500,000,000,000.00 - Australia's corrupt Queen Elizabeth criminal government is destroying Australia. South32 Warning the Corrupt Criminal Stock Market Exchange U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. South32.com Suing South32.net BHP BHP.com Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Queen Elizabeth II Venal Scott Morrison Causing Fires illness Death Poisoning Waters radiation Leaks Radioactive Disease uranium leak Killing People Animals Public Stock Fraud BHP south32.net 500 Billion Dollars lawsuit headline news. WE ARE SLOWLY BEING KILLED BY South32.net S32 BHP BHP.comTHIS MINE’ share article: Share on Facebook Tweet Email Tim Flannery warning of adverse climate impacts if South32 coal killing dangers: Prominent Australian scientist and climate change writer Tim Flannery has spoken against a planned coal mine expansion in New South Wales, warning of dire environmental consequences if it is to proceed. Key points: The IPC is conducting three days of public hearings as it considers South32's mine expansion plans The company wants to extract 78 million tonnes of coal from beneath Sydney's drinking water catchment until 2048 Climate change scientist Tim Flannery addressed the commission to raise concerns about the mine's environmental impact South32 is seeking approval to expand its Dendrobium mine, west of Wollongong, until 2048. It plans to use a longwall mining technique to extract 78 million tonnes of metallurgical coal for steelmaking from two new areas under Sydney's drinking water catchment. "I want to speak against the development and my concerns are really around the climate impacts of extending our coal mining in Australia," Professor Flannery told a public hearing of the Independent Planning Commission on Thursday. He pointed to a paper published in April in leading science journal Nature which he said laid out evidence that Australia was approaching some "very serious deteriorations" in key global climate systems, including destruction of the Great Barrier Reef and the drying of the Amazon rainforest. "The key thing I'm concerned about is that we're reaching some key climatic tipping points which represent an extreme risk for us," Professor Flannery said. "If we're to have a chance, at least, of avoiding those tipping points, we need to stabilise the Earth's temperatures at about one and half degrees above the pre-industrial average." A sign and the road outside the Dendrobium mine South32 wants to extend the life of its Dendrobium mine until 2048.(ABC Illawarra: Kelly Fuller) Cutting fossil fuels Professor Flannery's presentation to the IPC coincided with the release of the United Nations' annual Production Gap Report, which calls for substantial cuts in global carbon emissions to avoid dire consequences for the environment. "So rather than extending our coal mining and our fossil fuel use, the report argues we need to be cutting [their use] six per cent per year, every year, to keep ourselves safe from these dangerous tipping points." Rush to renewables Wind turbines in a wind farm in South Australia Despite, or perhaps because of, government inaction, consumers and businesses have flocked towards renewable energy, writes Ian Verrender. Read more South32's mines in the Illawarra region provide around 80 per cent of the coal necessary for steelmaking at BlueScope's Port Kembla plant. The companies together have called for the expansion project to be approved to secure thousands of direct and indirect jobs in New South Wales and across the country. Professor Flannery said an ongoing reliance on coal was not feasible as other countries, including Germany, move towards hydrogen steel production. How Germany is quitting coal A coal power plant in Germany. Germany is doing what Australia says it can't — shutting down its coal industry. Read more "Coal mining is not going to be the future," he told the commission. "The hydrogen economy offers us a way of producing steel with 98 per cent less CO2 than using coal. "BHP announced in November that they were going to be investing in hydrogen for steelmaking in China. We can't be left behind on this. "If we make the right decisions now and we get on the right track we could have a very prosperous future here in the Illawarra," Professor Flannery said. Find more local news Tell us your location and find more local ABC News and information Site of mine in metropolitan special area The Dendrobium underground coal mine (represented by the black dot) is seen in the metropolitan special area of Sydney's drinking water catchment.(Supplied: Water NSW) Directly affected Several South32 employees presented to the IPC during its second day of public hearings on Thursday, backing the mine. "The industry provides opportunities in so many disciplines from operators to engineers, finance, technology, communications, and community engagement," Luke Oliver said. "Our region relies on the jobs directly with South32 and those contract partners and supply services." Australian bosses have started caring about climate change Australian company directors nominate climate change as the number one issue they want the government to address in the long-term, in a survey of more than 1,200 business leaders. Read more Mining supervisor Anthony Dal Santo said he and his three children, who also work in the industry, would be "directly affected" if Dendrobium's expansion was rejected. "It would have both emotional and a financial devastating affect on my family," Mr Dal Santo told the commission. "This impact would be felt across the Illawarra and would also impact local businesses, the community, and the state of New South Wales. "Dendrobium mine has proved to be a positive influence in the local community and deserves the opportunity to continue." The IPC is due to hear the last of more than 80 registered speakers making oral submissions on Friday. Of the 280 written submissions already received by the commission, 250 have expressed support for the mine expansion project. 1 November 2016 ColombiaMiningPollution Threats, pay-offs and skin defects. Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik investigates the activities of a massive British-Australian ferronickel complex. 01.11.2016-this-mine-kills-590.jpgSkin defects, along with cancer and respiratory illnesses, are common in the area of the mine. This Zenú boy is from El Alto San Jorge, Córdoba province. © Irrael Aguilar Amid the arid farmlands of Colombia’s Córdoba province, the grassed earth gives way to bare incisions. Upturned mounds of ochre puncture the landscape. Fuming chimneys spill white smoke. This is Cerro Matoso, one of the largest ferronickel mines and processing facilities in the world. Owned and part-owned for over 30 years by BHP Billiton, an Anglo-Australian corporation and the largest mining firm in the world, it was recently transferred to South32, a spin-off company.1 Matoso has proven a lucrative source of wealth, delivering billions of dollars in sales. But former workers and local communities say that wealth has come at their expense; they are demanding justice for the destructive impact on their health, livelihoods, environment and safety. Small-scale mining first started at Cerro Matoso in the 1960s, expanding in 1979 when the Colombian government granted a concession to Conicol, Ifi-Econiquel and Billington Overseas (the precursor of BHP Billiton, from the Royal Dutch Shell group). Funded by the World Bank, the mine boomed, becoming the region’s flagship industry.2 Montelíbano, a nearby town devoted to agriculture and livestock breeding, saw its population triple.3 Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 3 In 1997, BHP Billiton gained full ownership of the mine, doubling its production between 2001 and 2010. Today, Cerro Matoso’s high-quality ferronickel is shipped from Cartagena across the world, where it finds its way into countless industrial products, such as surgical instruments or mobile phones. Extracting the material is an intricate process. Raw ferronickel is found in opencast spaces. It is mined using bulldozers and then transported to processing facilities. There, it is crushed and dried, and readied for the smelter. In high-temperature ovens, the nickel is melted, separated into segments, and cooled. With four enormous furnaces in use, Cerro Matoso is the most energy-intensive industrial project in Colombia. But these ovens emit large amounts of toxic particles, which the wind carries to water sources and fields. CANCER, DEFECTS AND MISCARRIAGES The impacts of contaminated air and waterways on local communities is evident through genetic deformations, illnesses and an epidemic of miscarriages.4 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs. DANE, the Colombian government bureau of statistics, reported an alarming rise in rates of cancer and respiratory illness in the region.5 Dermatological defects, such as blemishes, rashes or burst skin are common. Water studies have detected extremely high levels of iron in the principal local river.6 Dayro Romero is the governor of the indigenous community of Pueblo Flecha, a village located a few hundred metres away from Cerro Matoso. ‘At first we didn’t see any changes,’ he says. ‘But 20 years on we began to see the impacts. [Today] there are high rates of bronchitis, pneumonia… Our children have skin defects, eye problems, constant headaches. Our girls are embarrassed to wear short clothes that show the blemishes on their skin. We are known for our fertility, but in our community we now have so many miscarriages. In 2011, 14 out of 36 pregnancies in our village were aborted... We feel environmentally massacred.’ Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 1 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs Irrael Aguilar, chieftain of the Zenú communities in the region, concurs: ‘We are slowly being killed by this mine. This is the end of us. We are on our way to extermination.’ Dozens of former mine workers have also experienced high rates of cancer, deafness and illness, with some initiating legal proceedings against the company.7,8,9 Nickel isn’t the only source of pollution. Nearby coalmines and coal-fired power plants, relied on by Cerro Matoso to meet its enormous energy needs, cast coal dust into the air. In 2013, indigenous and Afro-descendant communities from areas surrounding Cerro Matoso blockaded the mine’s entrance in protest over the health and environmental impacts, halting operations. At first they were ignored. Then, riot police were sent in. The pressure continued, eventually leading to an agreement between communities, the company and the government. One of the central compromises was that Cerro Matoso would finance an independent environmental and health study. Despite delays, the study has begun and is expected to reveal its results later in the year.10,11 The company is adamant that there are no negative impacts from its operations.12 Luis Marulanda del Valle, Cerro Matoso’s Vice-President for External Affairs, maintains that ‘the health of these communities is affected by factors independent of our operations.’13 A BHP Billiton spokesperson pointed to ‘detailed environmental and health studies carried out by Cerro Matoso up to 2014’, which indicated a minimal or absent impact on air quality, water quality and public health. But in 2014, one of the public bodies responsible for monitoring Cerro Matoso’s impacts admitted lacking the necessary equipment to determine whether the company’s own environmental reporting matched reality.14 CALLOUS CONTRASTS In its communications, Cerro Matoso pays ample reference to its contribution to economic and social development. It claims to have significantly improved the quality of life in the region through royalties and social programmes.15 Cerro Matoso is a massive enterprise linking mines with power plants and processing facilities. This truck, loaded with coal, heads from the Córdoba mines to the Geselca power plant.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik But local voices are more sceptical. Moreno argues that ‘they [the company] haven’t come through on their promise on water access, or the fixing of streets. They’ve built houses, but not using our traditional methods. In any case, what do we do with a house when we’re blighting our blood?’ Aguilar agrees: ‘We do not see the companies bringing real development. Rather, they have been preparing death for people here. They are destroying the forests, the water sources. We are merely looking for a dignified life for our coming generations, something which goes against the company’s vision.’ Montelíbano is a city of callous contrasts. Mine managers and workers benefit from a company country club, a private school and a private water supply. A gated Cerro Matoso neighbourhood sits inside the city centre. A closed condominium reserved for managers lies outside the city limits. Yet thousands of families in Montelíbano live in conditions of extreme poverty. Many lack access to water, sewerage or adequate housing. Rates of illiteracy are high.16 Eighty per cent of the inhabitants of the neighbouring municipality of San José de Uré have unmet basic needs.17 In 2012, a delegate from the General Comptroller noted that municipalities affected by Cerro Matoso were worse off than those without mining projects.18 In rural districts and communities adjacent to the mine, pollution has wrecked traditional livelihoods and methods of subsistence. ‘Before,’ Moreno says, ‘you could throw a net into the river and retrieve 20 fish. Now, it takes you a day to catch three.’ Cerro Matoso is not just a mine: it is an enormous development enterprise, linking coalmines with power plants and processing facilities. For its advocates, it has proven to be a dynamic engine of growth. For critics, it is a textbook example of maldevelopment, a network of extractive ventures which has harmed lives and impeded more salutary forms of development in the region. The mine, which has seemingly polluted the land and lives of Zenú communities, was initially powered by a hydroelectric mega-dam which forcibly displaced indigenous Emberá communities. Today, an enlarged Cerro Matoso is looking to meet its growing energy needs through the expansion of Geselca, a coal-fired power plant supplied by new local coalmines. All these polluting processes are in turn being ‘environmentally offset’ by the industrial plantation of swathes of palm and non-native teca trees, which consume more water than native species. Aguilar calls this ‘double damage’. He says: ‘They damage the environment, and then try to fix that damage with further damage.’ PARAMILITARY LINKS? There are also concerns around how Cerro Matoso has woven itself into Colombia’s vivid landscape of violence. Historically, the province of Córdoba has been one of the areas most embroiled in the country’s armed conflict, with a patent presence of paramilitary and guerrilla forces. Local residents have expressed fears about the relationship between the company and armed actors. One local shopkeeper, asking to remain nameless, reflects: ‘In this city, every business has to pay vacunas [extortion payments] to the paramilitaries, from wealthy retailers to the guys who sell passion-fruit juice on the street. They [Cerro Matoso] have been here for decades, and haven’t had a single reprisal, a single threat, a single kidnapping. How have they done that? Are we supposed to believe that they’ve never paid or engaged with the paramilitaries? We simply cannot explain to ourselves how such a company can move so freely in this territory.’ Others point to precedents. A Japanese company supplying carbon filters left the region, allegedly due to constant extortion.19 Non-governmental organizations have been unable to operate freely in surrounding villages. Irrael Aguilar (left) is one of the indigenous Zenú leaders who lives under severe threats for his involvement in environmental struggles. He is accompanied by fellow leader Juan Urango.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik There is not just suspicion around the mine’s engagement with paramilitaries to ensure unobstructed operations; allegations persist of the mine’s complicity in violence against social leaders. Colombia is one of the most dangerous countries in the world for defenders of human and environmental rights. An explosive mix of armed groups, extensive land conflicts, lucrative extractive projects, and state paralysis create conditions for the killing of dozens of activists every year.20 In Córdoba, the indigenous Zenú community of El Alto San Jorge is home to a population of nearly 16,900 people, spread across dozens of villages. Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed. Another 14 leaders currently have protection measures and 19 more are undergoing risk assessments. Only two have obtained full protection measures. Irrael Aguilar, the community’s chieftain, is under severe threat for his involvement in various rights struggles. He travels with an entourage of bodyguards and rarely spends consecutive nights in the same location. Aguilar says that ‘the company certainly has its hands in some of the threats.’ South32 and BHP Billiton deny the claims, with spokespersons from both companies affirming compliance with high standards of human rights due diligence. But those under threat are often stuck in a bind. If they present concrete evidence of the threats against them to the authorities, the risk of reprisal increases. One community leader, who asked to remain anonymous, alleged that he had evidence from paramilitary leaders who had been approached by Cerro Matoso to ‘eliminate him’. But divulging that evidence would put him at further risk. Until the security situation in the region changes, and thorough investigations can take place, there will be little clarity around the true nature of extortion and threats. Questions also arise around the company’s fiscal relationship to the Colombian state. Plantations of thirsty non-native teca trees do further damage to the environment.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik Cerro Matoso has been accused of avoiding tax, underpaying royalties, and under-invoicing.21 In 2010, the company was forced to pay over $12 million in unpaid royalties, after an audit from the General Comptroller. Further analysis of Cerro Matoso’s finances suggests manipulation or creative accounting to reduce its taxable income.22 Mario Valencia, spokesperson for the Network for Tributary Justice in Colombia, noted: ‘[an] analysis of Cerro Matoso’s figures leaves us concerned, because there is strong evidence that they are presenting accounts which show a situation that is more critical than in reality.’23 Cerro Matoso has also faced significant scrutiny for its lease over the mine, and the contracts it has negotiated with the government.24 Another Comptroller report in 2012 showed that the mine’s environmental licence was granted based on incomplete, inadequate and outdated data.25 WHAT NEXT? The future of Cerro Matoso is clouded in uncertainty. Despite plans to expand operations, a collapse in nickel prices has provoked a crisis.26 Many workers have been laid off, and there are doubts whether the mine’s concession will be extended beyond 2029. But if Cerro Matoso closes operations, will there be justice for communities torn apart by its impacts? In 2011, BHP Billiton registered the largest-ever profit by a British firm.27 It has been a generous sponsor of sports teams, cultural events, and Olympic medals, and has poured millions into lobbying.28 But its wealth has come at a cost – from flattened villages in Brazil to polluted lives in Colombia.29, 30 ‘The word Zenú means wonderful land, a place of found waters,’ Aguilar laments. ‘The legacy of our ancestors is a world-vision of equilibrium, of harmony with the natural world. The Western man [sic] doesn’t understand this, let alone the businessman [sic]. They understand extraction, not conservation.’ Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed The tension Aguilar references extends beyond Cerro Matoso; it lies at the heart of hundreds of disputes across the country. Two-fifths of Colombia’s land has been concessioned to or requested by mining or fossil-fuel companies. The government has declared the country open for business, assuring all that the country must develop its way to an enduring peace. The thrust of that development is the so-called ‘mining-energy locomotive’.31 But will an authentic peace be obtainable with a development policy that enflames social conflicts and degrades territories? Social movements have been mobilizing to demand instead a peace imbued with social and environmental justice.32 Danilo Urrea, from the environmental justice organization CENSAT Agua Viva, criticizes the government for proposing a ‘corporate peace’, ‘based on a development model which turns its back to environmental equilibrium, and closes its eyes to popular participation.’ ‘Nature has been the setting of war, it holds the spoils of war and, therefore, it has been the victim of war,’ he says. ‘Nature is also the only fertile ground for peace. Unless we reconfigure our relationships and economic models, unless we reconcile ourselves with nature and each other, then a lasting peace is unattainable.’ Tim Flannery warns of adverse climate impacts if South32 coal mine expansion approved ABC Illawarra / By Ainslie Drewitt Smith Posted WedWednesday 2 DecDecember 2020 at 8:31pm A man sits in front of solar panels Former climate change commissioner Tim Flannery spoke at a hearing of the IPC.(AAP) Share Prominent Australian scientist and climate change writer Tim Flannery has spoken against a planned coal mine expansion in New South Wales, warning of dire environmental consequences if it is to proceed. Key points: The IPC is conducting three days of public hearings as it considers South32's mine expansion plans The company wants to extract 78 million tonnes of coal from beneath Sydney's drinking water catchment until 2048 Climate change scientist Tim Flannery addressed the commission to raise concerns about the mine's environmental impact South32 is seeking approval to expand its Dendrobium mine, west of Wollongong, until 2048. It plans to use a longwall mining technique to extract 78 million tonnes of metallurgical coal for steelmaking from two new areas under Sydney's drinking water catchment. "I want to speak against the development and my concerns are really around the climate impacts of extending our coal mining in Australia," Professor Flannery told a public hearing of the Independent Planning Commission on Thursday. He pointed to a paper published in April in leading science journal Nature which he said laid out evidence that Australia was approaching some "very serious deteriorations" in key global climate systems, including destruction of the Great Barrier Reef and the drying of the Amazon rainforest. "The key thing I'm concerned about is that we're reaching some key climatic tipping points which represent an extreme risk for us," Professor Flannery said. "If we're to have a chance, at least, of avoiding those tipping points, we need to stabilise the Earth's temperatures at about one and half degrees above the pre-industrial average." A sign and the road outside the Dendrobium mine South32 wants to extend the life of its Dendrobium mine until 2048.(ABC Illawarra: Kelly Fuller) Cutting fossil fuels Professor Flannery's presentation to the IPC coincided with the release of the United Nations' annual Production Gap Report, which calls for substantial cuts in global carbon emissions to avoid dire consequences for the environment. "So rather than extending our coal mining and our fossil fuel use, the report argues we need to be cutting [their use] six per cent per year, every year, to keep ourselves safe from these dangerous tipping points." Rush to renewables Wind turbines in a wind farm in South Australia Despite, or perhaps because of, government inaction, consumers and businesses have flocked towards renewable energy, writes Ian Verrender. Read more South32's mines in the Illawarra region provide around 80 per cent of the coal necessary for steelmaking at BlueScope's Port Kembla plant. The companies together have called for the expansion project to be approved to secure thousands of direct and indirect jobs in New South Wales and across the country. Professor Flannery said an ongoing reliance on coal was not feasible as other countries, including Germany, move towards hydrogen steel production. How Germany is quitting coal A coal power plant in Germany. Germany is doing what Australia says it can't — shutting down its coal industry. Read more "Coal mining is not going to be the future," he told the commission. "The hydrogen economy offers us a way of producing steel with 98 per cent less CO2 than using coal. "BHP announced in November that they were going to be investing in hydrogen for steelmaking in China. We can't be left behind on this. "If we make the right decisions now and we get on the right track we could have a very prosperous future here in the Illawarra," Professor Flannery said. Find more local news Tell us your location and find more local ABC News and information Site of mine in metropolitan special area The Dendrobium underground coal mine (represented by the black dot) is seen in the metropolitan special area of Sydney's drinking water catchment.(Supplied: Water NSW) Directly affected Several South32 employees presented to the IPC during its second day of public hearings on Thursday, backing the mine. "The industry provides opportunities in so many disciplines from operators to engineers, finance, technology, communications, and community engagement," Luke Oliver said. "Our region relies on the jobs directly with South32 and those contract partners and supply services." Australian bosses have started caring about climate change Australian company directors nominate climate change as the number one issue they want the government to address in the long-term, in a survey of more than 1,200 business leaders. Read more Mining supervisor Anthony Dal Santo said he and his three children, who also work in the industry, would be "directly affected" if Dendrobium's expansion was rejected. "It would have both emotional and a financial devastating affect on my family," Mr Dal Santo told the commission. "This impact would be felt across the Illawarra and would also impact local businesses, the community, and the state of New South Wales. "Dendrobium mine has proved to be a positive influence in the local community and deserves the opportunity to continue." The IPC is due to hear the last of more than 80 registered speakers making oral submissions on Friday. Of the 280 written submissions already received by the commission, 250 have expressed support for the mine expansion project. South32.com Suing South32.net BHP BHP.com Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Queen Elizabeth II Venal Scott Morrison Causing Fires illness Death Poisoning Waters radiation Leaks Radioactive Disease uranium leak Killing People Animals Public Stock Fraud BHP south32.net 500 Billion Dollars lawsuit headline news. South32.com Suing South32.net BHP BHP.com Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Queen Elizabeth II Venal Scott Morrison Causing Fires illness Death Poisoning Waters radiation Leaks Radioactive Disease uranium leak Killing People Animals Public Stock Fraud BHP south32.net 500 Billion Dollars lawsuit headline news. South32.com Suing South32.net BHP BHP.com Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Queen Elizabeth II Venal Scott Morrison Causing Fires illness Death Poisoning Waters radiation Leaks Radioactive Disease uranium leak Killing People Animals Public Stock Fraud BHP south32.net 500 Billion Dollars lawsuit headline news. WE ARE SLOWLY BEING KILLED BY South32.net S32 BHP BHP.comTHIS MINE’ share article: Share on Facebook Tweet Email 1 November 2016 ColombiaMiningPollution Threats, pay-offs and skin defects. Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik investigates the activities of a massive British-Australian ferronickel complex. 01.11.2016-this-mine-kills-590.jpgSkin defects, along with cancer and respiratory illnesses, are common in the area of the mine. This Zenú boy is from El Alto San Jorge, Córdoba province. © Irrael Aguilar Amid the arid farmlands of Colombia’s Córdoba province, the grassed earth gives way to bare incisions. Upturned mounds of ochre puncture the landscape. Fuming chimneys spill white smoke. This is Cerro Matoso, one of the largest ferronickel mines and processing facilities in the world. Owned and part-owned for over 30 years by BHP Billiton, an Anglo-Australian corporation and the largest mining firm in the world, it was recently transferred to South32, a spin-off company.1 Matoso has proven a lucrative source of wealth, delivering billions of dollars in sales. But former workers and local communities say that wealth has come at their expense; they are demanding justice for the destructive impact on their health, livelihoods, environment and safety. Small-scale mining first started at Cerro Matoso in the 1960s, expanding in 1979 when the Colombian government granted a concession to Conicol, Ifi-Econiquel and Billington Overseas (the precursor of BHP Billiton, from the Royal Dutch Shell group). Funded by the World Bank, the mine boomed, becoming the region’s flagship industry.2 Montelíbano, a nearby town devoted to agriculture and livestock breeding, saw its population triple.3 Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 3 In 1997, BHP Billiton gained full ownership of the mine, doubling its production between 2001 and 2010. Today, Cerro Matoso’s high-quality ferronickel is shipped from Cartagena across the world, where it finds its way into countless industrial products, such as surgical instruments or mobile phones. Extracting the material is an intricate process. Raw ferronickel is found in opencast spaces. It is mined using bulldozers and then transported to processing facilities. There, it is crushed and dried, and readied for the smelter. In high-temperature ovens, the nickel is melted, separated into segments, and cooled. With four enormous furnaces in use, Cerro Matoso is the most energy-intensive industrial project in Colombia. But these ovens emit large amounts of toxic particles, which the wind carries to water sources and fields. CANCER, DEFECTS AND MISCARRIAGES The impacts of contaminated air and waterways on local communities is evident through genetic deformations, illnesses and an epidemic of miscarriages.4 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs. DANE, the Colombian government bureau of statistics, reported an alarming rise in rates of cancer and respiratory illness in the region.5 Dermatological defects, such as blemishes, rashes or burst skin are common. Water studies have detected extremely high levels of iron in the principal local river.6 Dayro Romero is the governor of the indigenous community of Pueblo Flecha, a village located a few hundred metres away from Cerro Matoso. ‘At first we didn’t see any changes,’ he says. ‘But 20 years on we began to see the impacts. [Today] there are high rates of bronchitis, pneumonia… Our children have skin defects, eye problems, constant headaches. Our girls are embarrassed to wear short clothes that show the blemishes on their skin. We are known for our fertility, but in our community we now have so many miscarriages. In 2011, 14 out of 36 pregnancies in our village were aborted... We feel environmentally massacred.’ Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 1 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs Irrael Aguilar, chieftain of the Zenú communities in the region, concurs: ‘We are slowly being killed by this mine. This is the end of us. We are on our way to extermination.’ Dozens of former mine workers have also experienced high rates of cancer, deafness and illness, with some initiating legal proceedings against the company.7,8,9 Nickel isn’t the only source of pollution. Nearby coalmines and coal-fired power plants, relied on by Cerro Matoso to meet its enormous energy needs, cast coal dust into the air. In 2013, indigenous and Afro-descendant communities from areas surrounding Cerro Matoso blockaded the mine’s entrance in protest over the health and environmental impacts, halting operations. At first they were ignored. Then, riot police were sent in. The pressure continued, eventually leading to an agreement between communities, the company and the government. One of the central compromises was that Cerro Matoso would finance an independent environmental and health study. Despite delays, the study has begun and is expected to reveal its results later in the year.10,11 The company is adamant that there are no negative impacts from its operations.12 Luis Marulanda del Valle, Cerro Matoso’s Vice-President for External Affairs, maintains that ‘the health of these communities is affected by factors independent of our operations.’13 A BHP Billiton spokesperson pointed to ‘detailed environmental and health studies carried out by Cerro Matoso up to 2014’, which indicated a minimal or absent impact on air quality, water quality and public health. But in 2014, one of the public bodies responsible for monitoring Cerro Matoso’s impacts admitted lacking the necessary equipment to determine whether the company’s own environmental reporting matched reality.14 CALLOUS CONTRASTS In its communications, Cerro Matoso pays ample reference to its contribution to economic and social development. It claims to have significantly improved the quality of life in the region through royalties and social programmes.15 Cerro Matoso is a massive enterprise linking mines with power plants and processing facilities. This truck, loaded with coal, heads from the Córdoba mines to the Geselca power plant.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik But local voices are more sceptical. Moreno argues that ‘they [the company] haven’t come through on their promise on water access, or the fixing of streets. They’ve built houses, but not using our traditional methods. In any case, what do we do with a house when we’re blighting our blood?’ Aguilar agrees: ‘We do not see the companies bringing real development. Rather, they have been preparing death for people here. They are destroying the forests, the water sources. We are merely looking for a dignified life for our coming generations, something which goes against the company’s vision.’ Montelíbano is a city of callous contrasts. Mine managers and workers benefit from a company country club, a private school and a private water supply. A gated Cerro Matoso neighbourhood sits inside the city centre. A closed condominium reserved for managers lies outside the city limits. Yet thousands of families in Montelíbano live in conditions of extreme poverty. Many lack access to water, sewerage or adequate housing. Rates of illiteracy are high.16 Eighty per cent of the inhabitants of the neighbouring municipality of San José de Uré have unmet basic needs.17 In 2012, a delegate from the General Comptroller noted that municipalities affected by Cerro Matoso were worse off than those without mining projects.18 In rural districts and communities adjacent to the mine, pollution has wrecked traditional livelihoods and methods of subsistence. ‘Before,’ Moreno says, ‘you could throw a net into the river and retrieve 20 fish. Now, it takes you a day to catch three.’ Cerro Matoso is not just a mine: it is an enormous development enterprise, linking coalmines with power plants and processing facilities. For its advocates, it has proven to be a dynamic engine of growth. For critics, it is a textbook example of maldevelopment, a network of extractive ventures which has harmed lives and impeded more salutary forms of development in the region. The mine, which has seemingly polluted the land and lives of Zenú communities, was initially powered by a hydroelectric mega-dam which forcibly displaced indigenous Emberá communities. Today, an enlarged Cerro Matoso is looking to meet its growing energy needs through the expansion of Geselca, a coal-fired power plant supplied by new local coalmines. All these polluting processes are in turn being ‘environmentally offset’ by the industrial plantation of swathes of palm and non-native teca trees, which consume more water than native species. Aguilar calls this ‘double damage’. He says: ‘They damage the environment, and then try to fix that damage with further damage.’ PARAMILITARY LINKS? There are also concerns around how Cerro Matoso has woven itself into Colombia’s vivid landscape of violence. Historically, the province of Córdoba has been one of the areas most embroiled in the country’s armed conflict, with a patent presence of paramilitary and guerrilla forces. Local residents have expressed fears about the relationship between the company and armed actors. One local shopkeeper, asking to remain nameless, reflects: ‘In this city, every business has to pay vacunas [extortion payments] to the paramilitaries, from wealthy retailers to the guys who sell passion-fruit juice on the street. They [Cerro Matoso] have been here for decades, and haven’t had a single reprisal, a single threat, a single kidnapping. How have they done that? Are we supposed to believe that they’ve never paid or engaged with the paramilitaries? We simply cannot explain to ourselves how such a company can move so freely in this territory.’ Others point to precedents. A Japanese company supplying carbon filters left the region, allegedly due to constant extortion.19 Non-governmental organizations have been unable to operate freely in surrounding villages. Irrael Aguilar (left) is one of the indigenous Zenú leaders who lives under severe threats for his involvement in environmental struggles. He is accompanied by fellow leader Juan Urango.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik There is not just suspicion around the mine’s engagement with paramilitaries to ensure unobstructed operations; allegations persist of the mine’s complicity in violence against social leaders. Colombia is one of the most dangerous countries in the world for defenders of human and environmental rights. An explosive mix of armed groups, extensive land conflicts, lucrative extractive projects, and state paralysis create conditions for the killing of dozens of activists every year.20 In Córdoba, the indigenous Zenú community of El Alto San Jorge is home to a population of nearly 16,900 people, spread across dozens of villages. Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed. Another 14 leaders currently have protection measures and 19 more are undergoing risk assessments. Only two have obtained full protection measures. Irrael Aguilar, the community’s chieftain, is under severe threat for his involvement in various rights struggles. He travels with an entourage of bodyguards and rarely spends consecutive nights in the same location. Aguilar says that ‘the company certainly has its hands in some of the threats.’ South32 and BHP Billiton deny the claims, with spokespersons from both companies affirming compliance with high standards of human rights due diligence. But those under threat are often stuck in a bind. If they present concrete evidence of the threats against them to the authorities, the risk of reprisal increases. One community leader, who asked to remain anonymous, alleged that he had evidence from paramilitary leaders who had been approached by Cerro Matoso to ‘eliminate him’. But divulging that evidence would put him at further risk. Until the security situation in the region changes, and thorough investigations can take place, there will be little clarity around the true nature of extortion and threats. Questions also arise around the company’s fiscal relationship to the Colombian state. Plantations of thirsty non-native teca trees do further damage to the environment.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik Cerro Matoso has been accused of avoiding tax, underpaying royalties, and under-invoicing.21 In 2010, the company was forced to pay over $12 million in unpaid royalties, after an audit from the General Comptroller. Further analysis of Cerro Matoso’s finances suggests manipulation or creative accounting to reduce its taxable income.22 Mario Valencia, spokesperson for the Network for Tributary Justice in Colombia, noted: ‘[an] analysis of Cerro Matoso’s figures leaves us concerned, because there is strong evidence that they are presenting accounts which show a situation that is more critical than in reality.’23 Cerro Matoso has also faced significant scrutiny for its lease over the mine, and the contracts it has negotiated with the government.24 Another Comptroller report in 2012 showed that the mine’s environmental licence was granted based on incomplete, inadequate and outdated data.25 WHAT NEXT? The future of Cerro Matoso is clouded in uncertainty. Despite plans to expand operations, a collapse in nickel prices has provoked a crisis.26 Many workers have been laid off, and there are doubts whether the mine’s concession will be extended beyond 2029. But if Cerro Matoso closes operations, will there be justice for communities torn apart by its impacts? In 2011, BHP Billiton registered the largest-ever profit by a British firm.27 It has been a generous sponsor of sports teams, cultural events, and Olympic medals, and has poured millions into lobbying.28 But its wealth has come at a cost – from flattened villages in Brazil to polluted lives in Colombia.29, 30 ‘The word Zenú means wonderful land, a place of found waters,’ Aguilar laments. ‘The legacy of our ancestors is a world-vision of equilibrium, of harmony with the natural world. The Western man [sic] doesn’t understand this, let alone the businessman [sic]. They understand extraction, not conservation.’ Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed The tension Aguilar references extends beyond Cerro Matoso; it lies at the heart of hundreds of disputes across the country. Two-fifths of Colombia’s land has been concessioned to or requested by mining or fossil-fuel companies. The government has declared the country open for business, assuring all that the country must develop its way to an enduring peace. The thrust of that development is the so-called ‘mining-energy locomotive’.31 But will an authentic peace be obtainable with a development policy that enflames social conflicts and degrades territories? Social movements have been mobilizing to demand instead a peace imbued with social and environmental justice.32 Danilo Urrea, from the environmental justice organization CENSAT Agua Viva, criticizes the government for proposing a ‘corporate peace’, ‘based on a development model which turns its back to environmental equilibrium, and closes its eyes to popular participation.’ ‘Nature has been the setting of war, it holds the spoils of war and, therefore, it has been the victim of war,’ he says. ‘Nature is also the only fertile ground for peace. Unless we reconfigure our relationships and economic models, unless we reconcile ourselves with nature and each other, then a lasting peace is unattainable.’ Tim Flannery warns of adverse climate impacts if South32 coal mine expansion approved ABC Illawarra / By Ainslie Drewitt Smith Posted WedWednesday 2 DecDecember 2020 at 8:31pm A man sits in front of solar panels Former climate change commissioner Tim Flannery spoke at a hearing of the IPC.(AAP) Share Prominent Australian scientist and climate change writer Tim Flannery has spoken against a planned coal mine expansion in New South Wales, warning of dire environmental consequences if it is to proceed. Key points: The IPC is conducting three days of public hearings as it considers South32's mine expansion plans The company wants to extract 78 million tonnes of coal from beneath Sydney's drinking water catchment until 2048 Climate change scientist Tim Flannery addressed the commission to raise concerns about the mine's environmental impact South32 is seeking approval to expand its Dendrobium mine, west of Wollongong, until 2048. It plans to use a longwall mining technique to extract 78 million tonnes of metallurgical coal for steelmaking from two new areas under Sydney's drinking water catchment. "I want to speak against the development and my concerns are really around the climate impacts of extending our coal mining in Australia," Professor Flannery told a public hearing of the Independent Planning Commission on Thursday. He pointed to a paper published in April in leading science journal Nature which he said laid out evidence that Australia was approaching some "very serious deteriorations" in key global climate systems, including destruction of the Great Barrier Reef and the drying of the Amazon rainforest. "The key thing I'm concerned about is that we're reaching some key climatic tipping points which represent an extreme risk for us," Professor Flannery said. "If we're to have a chance, at least, of avoiding those tipping points, we need to stabilise the Earth's temperatures at about one and half degrees above the pre-industrial average." A sign and the road outside the Dendrobium mine South32 wants to extend the life of its Dendrobium mine until 2048.(ABC Illawarra: Kelly Fuller) Cutting fossil fuels Professor Flannery's presentation to the IPC coincided with the release of the United Nations' annual Production Gap Report, which calls for substantial cuts in global carbon emissions to avoid dire consequences for the environment. "So rather than extending our coal mining and our fossil fuel use, the report argues we need to be cutting [their use] six per cent per year, every year, to keep ourselves safe from these dangerous tipping points." Rush to renewables Wind turbines in a wind farm in South Australia Despite, or perhaps because of, government inaction, consumers and businesses have flocked towards renewable energy, writes Ian Verrender. Read more South32's mines in the Illawarra region provide around 80 per cent of the coal necessary for steelmaking at BlueScope's Port Kembla plant. The companies together have called for the expansion project to be approved to secure thousands of direct and indirect jobs in New South Wales and across the country. Professor Flannery said an ongoing reliance on coal was not feasible as other countries, including Germany, move towards hydrogen steel production. How Germany is quitting coal A coal power plant in Germany. Germany is doing what Australia says it can't — shutting down its coal industry. Read more "Coal mining is not going to be the future," he told the commission. "The hydrogen economy offers us a way of producing steel with 98 per cent less CO2 than using coal. "BHP announced in November that they were going to be investing in hydrogen for steelmaking in China. We can't be left behind on this. "If we make the right decisions now and we get on the right track we could have a very prosperous future here in the Illawarra," Professor Flannery said. Find more local news Tell us your location and find more local ABC News and information Site of mine in metropolitan special area The Dendrobium underground coal mine (represented by the black dot) is seen in the metropolitan special area of Sydney's drinking water catchment.(Supplied: Water NSW) Directly affected Several South32 employees presented to the IPC during its second day of public hearings on Thursday, backing the mine. "The industry provides opportunities in so many disciplines from operators to engineers, finance, technology, communications, and community engagement," Luke Oliver said. "Our region relies on the jobs directly with South32 and those contract partners and supply services." Australian bosses have started caring about climate change Australian company directors nominate climate change as the number one issue they want the government to address in the long-term, in a survey of more than 1,200 business leaders. Read more Mining supervisor Anthony Dal Santo said he and his three children, who also work in the industry, would be "directly affected" if Dendrobium's expansion was rejected. "It would have both emotional and a financial devastating affect on my family," Mr Dal Santo told the commission. "This impact would be felt across the Illawarra and would also impact local businesses, the community, and the state of New South Wales. "Dendrobium mine has proved to be a positive influence in the local community and deserves the opportunity to continue." The IPC is due to hear the last of more than 80 registered speakers making oral submissions on Friday. Of the 280 written submissions already received by the commission, 250 have expressed support for the mine expansion project. South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Predecessor: BHP Billiton, Subsidiaries: Groote Eylandt Mining Company Pty Ltd, Illawarra Coal Holdings Pty Ltd, Cerro Matoso S.A., Samancor AG, BHP Billiton SA Limited, Hotazel Manganese Mines (pty) Ltd., South32 Marketing Pte Ltd, South32 SA Investments Limited, South32 Minerals S.A., mina sirkin sucks. jmbm sucks. South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32 introducing xxx film sex David and Fatima Luigi Bian South32 CEO South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ Warning_Suing_south32.net open.south32.com_opensouth32.com South32.com Suing BHP BHP.com S32 Mining $500,000,000,000.00 South32.com_Warning_Suing_BHP.com_South32.com_ South32 ceo says.The killing times: the massacres of Aboriginal people Australia must confront South32 ceo saysThe truth of Australia’s history has long been hiding in plain sight.The stories of “the killing times” are the ones we have heard in secret, or told in hushed tones. They are not the stories that appear in our history books yet they refuse to go away.The colonial journalist and barrister Richard Windeyer called it “the whispering in the bottom of our hearts”. The anthropologist William Stanner described a national “cult of forgetfulness”. A 1927 royal commission lamented our “conspiracy of silence”.But calls are growing for a national truth-telling process. Such wishes are expressed in the Uluru statement from the heart. Reconciliation Australia’s 2019 barometer of attitudes to Indigenous peoples found that 80% of people consider truth telling important. Almost 70% of Australians accept that Aboriginal people were subject to mass killings, incarceration and forced removal from land, and their movement was restricted. South32 ceo saysThe Killing Times is a Guardian Australia special report that aims to assemble information necessary to begin truth telling – not just the grim tally of more than a century of frontier bloodshed, but its human cost – as told by descendants on all sides. This is the history we have all inherited. South32 ceo saysOur interactive map details massacres in every state and territory but the research is ongoing. It does not count all the sites of conflict, or clashes over land and resources, in which lives were lost in the colonisation of Australia.The numbers we have drawn on are conservative estimates.There are more massacre sites to be added – places where the true death toll may never be known – and many more we are still working to verify, particularly in Queensland, Western Australia, the Northern Territory and New South Wales.In this first snapshot of the continent, we have found that there were at least 270 frontier massacres over 140 years, as part of a state-sanctioned and organised attempt to eradicate Aboriginal people. South32 CEO says:Starting in 1794, mass killings were first carried out by British soldiers, then by police and settlers – often acting together – and later by native police, working under the command of white officers, in militia-style forces supported by colonial governments.These tactics were employed, without formal repercussions, as late as 1926.Using data from the colonial massacre map at the University of Newcastle’s Centre for 21st Century Humanities, and adopting its stringent research methods, Guardian Australia has surveyed the rest of the country.We found that:Government forces were actively engaged in frontier massacres until at least the late 1920s.These attacks became more lethal for Aboriginal people over time, not less. The average number of deaths of Aboriginal people in each conflict increased, but from the early 1900s casualties among the settlers ended entirely – with the exception of one death in 1928.The most common motive for a massacre was reprisal for the killing of settler civilians but at least 51 massacres were in reprisal for the killing or theft of livestock or property.Of the attacks on the map, only once were colonial perpetrators found guilty and punished – in the aftermath of the Myall Creek killings in 1838.In NSW and Tasmania between 1794 and 1833, most of the 56 recorded attacks were carried out on foot by detachments of soldiers from British regiments, and an average of 15 people were killed in each one. The weapon most often used was the “Brown Bess” musket, which was issued to British forces in the Napoleonic wars.In NSW and Victoria between 1834 and 1859, horses and carbine rifles were used in at least 116 frontier massacres of Aboriginal people in mostly daytime attacks, with an average of 27 people killed in each attack.From the late 1840s, massacres were carried out as daylight attacks by native police, sometimes in joint operations with settlers. They most often used double-barrelled shotguns, rifles and carbines.Preliminary data from Queensland shows that between 1859 and 1915 an average of 34 people were killed in each attack.There are at least nine known cases of deliberate poisoning of flour given to Aboriginal people.There were also efforts to cover up the atrocities.In 1927 a royal commission into the Forrest River massacre in Western Australia concluded that a police party had killed at least 11 people then burned their bodies in makeshift ovens. In his report the commissioner, GT Wood, said a “conspiracy of silence” in the entire Kimberley district had thwarted attempts to find out what really happened.These massacres are challenging to read about. It can be even more challenging to discover a personal or family connection to them. Nevertheless, many Australians have come forward to share their stories, some for the first time.Sandy Hamilton is descended from a soldier in the 46th Regiment which, on orders of the NSW governor Lachlan Macquarie, killed at least 14 Aboriginal people at Appin in 1816.“We need to take ownership of our history,” Hamilton says. “We deserve to know the truth of how we came to be who we are.“Then we can also make real choices about who we want to be as a society, as Australians.”Liza Dale-Hallett is a great-niece of George Murray, a police constable who led the killings at Coniston in 1920, in which at least 50 Aboriginal men, women and children died. Warlpiri, Anmatyerre and Kaytetye people say up to 170 were slaughtered.“It happened all over Australia and this is a part of our history,” Dale-Hallett says. “I’ve got a direct connection to it – but that doesn’t make it my history and not yours.“Part of the reason they are continuing to cause harm is they haven’t been properly acknowledged. The simple act of listening is a really important first step in a more complex conversation that needs to be had about how did Australia settle itself.” South32 ceo saysA descendant of Coniston survivors, Francis Jupurrurla Kelly, agrees.“We want everyone to understand why so many of our innocent men, women and children were murdered in cold blood,” he says.“Many kartiya [whitefellas] were too greedy for our land and didn’t see us as fully human.“We can only come together as one mob, if everyone, starting with all our schoolchildren and our elected representatives, knows what has happened to our loved ones and why, so they are never forgotten.”In replicating the University of Newcastle’s centre’s data collection methods we have only recorded attacks in which six or more people were killed.According to the centre’s Prof Lyndall Ryan, the massacre of six undefended Aboriginal people from a hearth group of 20 is known as a “fractal massacre”, so called because it leaves survivors vulnerable to further attack and far less able to hunt, care for children or carry out cultural obligations to country.Research and verification of the evidence takes time and care. It involves locating primary sources such as letters, journals, newspaper articles, books, photographs and oral histories. South32 ceo says:We have relied on the written record of the time but acknowledge that, for example, a settler’s journal is not necessarily a reliable or definitive account of what took place. There can be a tendency to understate the severity of the attacks, the toll they took and the actions of those present.The written records don’t always indicate intention. Sometimes they do, in chilling detail, as described in this letter from a Gippsland squatter, Henry Meyrick, to his family in England in 1846:The blacks are very quiet here now, poor wretches. No wild beast of the forest was ever hunted down with such unsparing perseverance as they are. Men, women and children are shot whenever they can be met with … I have protested against it at every station I have been in Gippsland, in the strongest language, but these things are kept very secret as the penalty would certainly be hanging.We have categorised killings according to the alleged reasons for them as written in primary sources we have seen, but oral histories provide context. Aboriginal attacks on settlers often took place after previous unreported killings of smaller groups or individuals, or as the result of escalating tensions over land, water and resources. Settler reprisals were heavily disproportionate and grew worse over time. Scumbag British Scottish criminal Dr. Andrew Mackenzie Shell oil whore low life dirty pussy Miss Graham Kerr Rapist South32.net BHP spy NO BALLS thief crook shyster STOCK FRAUD evil loser dirty filthy disgusting animal cockroach evil devil piece of shit. Scumbag chairman of Shell oil plc company BHP CEO BHP.com Rapist criminal Sir Andrew Stewart Mackenzie FRS is a Sick Scottish RAPIST WANTED him and his BHP Chief Executive Officer Graham Kerr RAPED me Scumbag British Australian criminal public whore dirty pussy Miss Graham Kerr BHP spy NO BALLS thief crook shyster STOCK FRAUD RAPIST South32.net evil loser dirty filthy disgusting animal cockroach evil devil piece of shit. - Luigi image, photo, picture, LUCKY LUIGI South32 suing criminal scumbag rapist soutn32.net BhP BhP.com $5000,000,000,000,000.00 Scumbag British Australian criminal public whore low life dirty pussy Miss Graham Kerr BHP spy NO BALLS thief crook shyster STOCK FRAUD South32.net evil loser dirty pimp filthy disgusting animal cockroach evil devil bastard piece of shit. Tim Flannery warning of adverse climate impacts if South32 coal killing dangers: Prominent Australian scientist and climate change writer Tim Flannery has spoken against a planned coal mine expansion in New South Wales, warning of dire environmental consequences if it is to proceed. Key points: The IPC is conducting three days of public hearings as it considers South32's mine expansion plans The company wants to extract 78 million tonnes of coal from beneath Sydney's drinking water catchment until 2048 Climate change scientist Tim Flannery addressed the commission to raise concerns about the mine's environmental impact South32 is seeking approval to expand its Dendrobium mine, west of Wollongong, until 2048. It plans to use a longwall mining technique to extract 78 million tonnes of metallurgical coal for steelmaking from two new areas under Sydney's drinking water catchment. "I want to speak against the development and my concerns are really around the climate impacts of extending our coal mining in Australia," Professor Flannery told a public hearing of the Independent Planning Commission on Thursday. He pointed to a paper published in April in leading science journal Nature which he said laid out evidence that Australia was approaching some "very serious deteriorations" in key global climate systems, including destruction of the Great Barrier Reef and the drying of the Amazon rainforest. "The key thing I'm concerned about is that we're reaching some key climatic tipping points which represent an extreme risk for us," Professor Flannery said. "If we're to have a chance, at least, of avoiding those tipping points, we need to stabilise the Earth's temperatures at about one and half degrees above the pre-industrial average." A sign and the road outside the Dendrobium mine South32 wants to extend the life of its Dendrobium mine until 2048.(ABC Illawarra: Kelly Fuller) Cutting fossil fuels Professor Flannery's presentation to the IPC coincided with the release of the United Nations' annual Production Gap Report, which calls for substantial cuts in global carbon emissions to avoid dire consequences for the environment. "So rather than extending our coal mining and our fossil fuel use, the report argues we need to be cutting [their use] six per cent per year, every year, to keep ourselves safe from these dangerous tipping points." Rush to renewables Wind turbines in a wind farm in South Australia Despite, or perhaps because of, government inaction, consumers and businesses have flocked towards renewable energy, writes Ian Verrender. Read more South32's mines in the Illawarra region provide around 80 per cent of the coal necessary for steelmaking at BlueScope's Port Kembla plant. The companies together have called for the expansion project to be approved to secure thousands of direct and indirect jobs in New South Wales and across the country. Professor Flannery said an ongoing reliance on coal was not feasible as other countries, including Germany, move towards hydrogen steel production. How Germany is quitting coal A coal power plant in Germany. Germany is doing what Australia says it can't — shutting down its coal industry. Read more "Coal mining is not going to be the future," he told the commission. "The hydrogen economy offers us a way of producing steel with 98 per cent less CO2 than using coal. "BHP announced in November that they were going to be investing in hydrogen for steelmaking in China. We can't be left behind on this. "If we make the right decisions now and we get on the right track we could have a very prosperous future here in the Illawarra," Professor Flannery said. Find more local news Tell us your location and find more local ABC News and information Site of mine in metropolitan special area The Dendrobium underground coal mine (represented by the black dot) is seen in the metropolitan special area of Sydney's drinking water catchment.(Supplied: Water NSW) Directly affected Several South32 employees presented to the IPC during its second day of public hearings on Thursday, backing the mine. "The industry provides opportunities in so many disciplines from operators to engineers, finance, technology, communications, and community engagement," Luke Oliver said. "Our region relies on the jobs directly with South32 and those contract partners and supply services." Australian bosses have started caring about climate change Australian company directors nominate climate change as the number one issue they want the government to address in the long-term, in a survey of more than 1,200 business leaders. Read more Mining supervisor Anthony Dal Santo said he and his three children, who also work in the industry, would be "directly affected" if Dendrobium's expansion was rejected. "It would have both emotional and a financial devastating affect on my family," Mr Dal Santo told the commission. "This impact would be felt across the Illawarra and would also impact local businesses, the community, and the state of New South Wales. "Dendrobium mine has proved to be a positive influence in the local community and deserves the opportunity to continue." The IPC is due to hear the last of more than 80 registered speakers making oral submissions on Friday. Of the 280 written submissions already received by the commission, 250 have expressed support for the mine expansion project. 1 November 2016 ColombiaMiningPollution Threats, pay-offs and skin defects. Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik investigates the activities of a massive British-Australian ferronickel complex. 01.11.2016-this-mine-kills-590.jpgSkin defects, along with cancer and respiratory illnesses, are common in the area of the mine. This Zenú boy is from El Alto San Jorge, Córdoba province. © Irrael Aguilar Amid the arid farmlands of Colombia’s Córdoba province, the grassed earth gives way to bare incisions. Upturned mounds of ochre puncture the landscape. Fuming chimneys spill white smoke. This is Cerro Matoso, one of the largest ferronickel mines and processing facilities in the world. Owned and part-owned for over 30 years by BHP Billiton, an Anglo-Australian corporation and the largest mining firm in the world, it was recently transferred to South32, a spin-off company.1 Matoso has proven a lucrative source of wealth, delivering billions of dollars in sales. But former workers and local communities say that wealth has come at their expense; they are demanding justice for the destructive impact on their health, livelihoods, environment and safety. Small-scale mining first started at Cerro Matoso in the 1960s, expanding in 1979 when the Colombian government granted a concession to Conicol, Ifi-Econiquel and Billington Overseas (the precursor of BHP Billiton, from the Royal Dutch Shell group). Funded by the World Bank, the mine boomed, becoming the region’s flagship industry.2 Montelíbano, a nearby town devoted to agriculture and livestock breeding, saw its population triple.3 Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 3 In 1997, BHP Billiton gained full ownership of the mine, doubling its production between 2001 and 2010. Today, Cerro Matoso’s high-quality ferronickel is shipped from Cartagena across the world, where it finds its way into countless industrial products, such as surgical instruments or mobile phones. Extracting the material is an intricate process. Raw ferronickel is found in opencast spaces. It is mined using bulldozers and then transported to processing facilities. There, it is crushed and dried, and readied for the smelter. In high-temperature ovens, the nickel is melted, separated into segments, and cooled. With four enormous furnaces in use, Cerro Matoso is the most energy-intensive industrial project in Colombia. But these ovens emit large amounts of toxic particles, which the wind carries to water sources and fields. CANCER, DEFECTS AND MISCARRIAGES The impacts of contaminated air and waterways on local communities is evident through genetic deformations, illnesses and an epidemic of miscarriages.4 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs. DANE, the Colombian government bureau of statistics, reported an alarming rise in rates of cancer and respiratory illness in the region.5 Dermatological defects, such as blemishes, rashes or burst skin are common. Water studies have detected extremely high levels of iron in the principal local river.6

Dayro Romero is the governor of the indigenous community of Pueblo Flecha, a village located a few hundred metres away from Cerro Matoso. ‘At first we didn’t see any changes,’ he says. ‘But 20 years on we began to see the impacts. [Today] there are high rates of bronchitis, pneumonia… Our children have skin defects, eye problems, constant headaches. Our girls are embarrassed to wear short clothes that show the blemishes on their skin. We are known for our fertility, but in our community we now have so many miscarriages. In 2011, 14 out of 36 pregnancies in our village were aborted... We feel environmentally massacred.’ Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 1 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs Irrael Aguilar, chieftain of the Zenú communities in the region, concurs: ‘We are slowly being killed by this mine. This is the end of us. We are on our way to extermination.’ Dozens of former mine workers have also experienced high rates of cancer, deafness and illness, with some initiating legal proceedings against the company.7,8,9 Nickel isn’t the only source of pollution. Nearby coalmines and coal-fired power plants, relied on by Cerro Matoso to meet its enormous energy needs, cast coal dust into the air. In 2013, indigenous and Afro-descendant communities from areas surrounding Cerro Matoso blockaded the mine’s entrance in protest over the health and environmental impacts, halting operations. At first they were ignored. Then, riot police were sent in. The pressure continued, eventually leading to an agreement between communities, the company and the government. One of the central compromises was that Cerro Matoso would finance an independent environmental and health study. Despite delays, the study has begun and is expected to reveal its results later in the year.10,11 The company is adamant that there are no negative impacts from its operations.12 Luis Marulanda del Valle, Cerro Matoso’s Vice-President for External Affairs, maintains that ‘the health of these communities is affected by factors independent of our operations.’13 A BHP Billiton spokesperson pointed to ‘detailed environmental and health studies carried out by Cerro Matoso up to 2014’, which indicated a minimal or absent impact on air quality, water quality and public health. But in 2014, one of the public bodies responsible for monitoring Cerro Matoso’s impacts admitted lacking the necessary equipment to determine whether the company’s own environmental reporting matched reality.14 CALLOUS CONTRASTS In its communications, Cerro Matoso pays ample reference to its contribution to economic and social development. It claims to have significantly improved the quality of life in the region through royalties and social programmes.15 Cerro Matoso is a massive enterprise linking mines with power plants and processing facilities. This truck, loaded with coal, heads from the Córdoba mines to the Geselca power plant.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik But local voices are more sceptical. Moreno argues that ‘they [the company] haven’t come through on their promise on water access, or the fixing of streets. They’ve built houses, but not using our traditional methods. In any case, what do we do with a house when we’re blighting our blood?’ Aguilar agrees: ‘We do not see the companies bringing real development. Rather, they have been preparing death for people here. They are destroying the forests, the water sources. We are merely looking for a dignified life for our coming generations, something which goes against the company’s vision.’ Montelíbano is a city of callous contrasts. Mine managers and workers benefit from a company country club, a private school and a private water supply. A gated Cerro Matoso neighbourhood sits inside the city centre. A closed condominium reserved for managers lies outside the city limits. Yet thousands of families in Montelíbano live in conditions of extreme poverty. Many lack access to water, sewerage or adequate housing. Rates of illiteracy are high.16 Eighty per cent of the inhabitants of the neighbouring municipality of San José de Uré have unmet basic needs.17 In 2012, a delegate from the General Comptroller noted that municipalities affected by Cerro Matoso were worse off than those without mining projects.18 In rural districts and communities adjacent to the mine, pollution has wrecked traditional livelihoods and methods of subsistence. ‘Before,’ Moreno says, ‘you could throw a net into the river and retrieve 20 fish. Now, it takes you a day to catch three.’ Cerro Matoso is not just a mine: it is an enormous development enterprise, linking coalmines with power plants and processing facilities. For its advocates, it has proven to be a dynamic engine of growth. For critics, it is a textbook example of maldevelopment, a network of extractive ventures which has harmed lives and impeded more salutary forms of development in the region. The mine, which has seemingly polluted the land and lives of Zenú communities, was initially powered by a hydroelectric mega-dam which forcibly displaced indigenous Emberá communities. Today, an enlarged Cerro Matoso is looking to meet its growing energy needs through the expansion of Geselca, a coal-fired power plant supplied by new local coalmines. All these polluting processes are in turn being ‘environmentally offset’ by the industrial plantation of swathes of palm and non-native teca trees, which consume more water than native species. Aguilar calls this ‘double damage’. He says: ‘They damage the environment, and then try to fix that damage with further damage.’ PARAMILITARY LINKS? There are also concerns around how Cerro Matoso has woven itself into Colombia’s vivid landscape of violence. Historically, the province of Córdoba has been one of the areas most embroiled in the country’s armed conflict, with a patent presence of paramilitary and guerrilla forces. Local residents have expressed fears about the relationship between the company and armed actors. One local shopkeeper, asking to remain nameless, reflects: ‘In this city, every business has to pay vacunas [extortion payments] to the paramilitaries, from wealthy retailers to the guys who sell passion-fruit juice on the street. They [Cerro Matoso] have been here for decades, and haven’t had a single reprisal, a single threat, a single kidnapping. How have they done that? Are we supposed to believe that they’ve never paid or engaged with the paramilitaries? We simply cannot explain to ourselves how such a company can move so freely in this territory.’ Others point to precedents. A Japanese company supplying carbon filters left the region, allegedly due to constant extortion.19 Non-governmental organizations have been unable to operate freely in surrounding villages. Irrael Aguilar (left) is one of the indigenous Zenú leaders who lives under severe threats for his involvement in environmental struggles. He is accompanied by fellow leader Juan Urango.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik There is not just suspicion around the mine’s engagement with paramilitaries to ensure unobstructed operations; allegations persist of the mine’s complicity in violence against social leaders. Colombia is one of the most dangerous countries in the world for defenders of human and environmental rights. An explosive mix of armed groups, extensive land conflicts, lucrative extractive projects, and state paralysis create conditions for the killing of dozens of activists every year.20 In Córdoba, the indigenous Zenú community of El Alto San Jorge is home to a population of nearly 16,900 people, spread across dozens of villages. Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed. Another 14 leaders currently have protection measures and 19 more are undergoing risk assessments. Only two have obtained full protection measures. Irrael Aguilar, the community’s chieftain, is under severe threat for his involvement in various rights struggles. He travels with an entourage of bodyguards and rarely spends consecutive nights in the same location. Aguilar says that ‘the company certainly has its hands in some of the threats.’ South32 and BHP Billiton deny the claims, with spokespersons from both companies affirming compliance with high standards of human rights due diligence. But those under threat are often stuck in a bind. If they present concrete evidence of the threats against them to the authorities, the risk of reprisal increases. One community leader, who asked to remain anonymous, alleged that he had evidence from paramilitary leaders who had been approached by Cerro Matoso to ‘eliminate him’. But divulging that evidence would put him at further risk. Until the security situation in the region changes, and thorough investigations can take place, there will be little clarity around the true nature of extortion and threats. Questions also arise around the company’s fiscal relationship to the Colombian state. Plantations of thirsty non-native teca trees do further damage to the environment.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik Cerro Matoso has been accused of avoiding tax, underpaying royalties, and under-invoicing.21 In 2010, the company was forced to pay over $12 million in unpaid royalties, after an audit from the General Comptroller. Further analysis of Cerro Matoso’s finances suggests manipulation or creative accounting to reduce its taxable income.22 Mario Valencia, spokesperson for the Network for Tributary Justice in Colombia, noted: ‘[an] analysis of Cerro Matoso’s figures leaves us concerned, because there is strong evidence that they are presenting accounts which show a situation that is more critical than in reality.’23 Cerro Matoso has also faced significant scrutiny for its lease over the mine, and the contracts it has negotiated with the government.24 Another Comptroller report in 2012 showed that the mine’s environmental licence was granted based on incomplete, inadequate and outdated data.25 WHAT NEXT? The future of Cerro Matoso is clouded in uncertainty. Despite plans to expand operations, a collapse in nickel prices has provoked a crisis.26 Many workers have been laid off, and there are doubts whether the mine’s concession will be extended beyond 2029. But if Cerro Matoso closes operations, will there be justice for communities torn apart by its impacts? In 2011, BHP Billiton registered the largest-ever profit by a British firm.27 It has been a generous sponsor of sports teams, cultural events, and Olympic medals, and has poured millions into lobbying.28 But its wealth has come at a cost – from flattened villages in Brazil to polluted lives in Colombia.29, 30 ‘The word Zenú means wonderful land, a place of found waters,’ Aguilar laments. ‘The legacy of our ancestors is a world-vision of equilibrium, of harmony with the natural world. The Western man [sic] doesn’t understand this, let alone the businessman [sic]. They understand extraction, not conservation.’ Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed The tension Aguilar references extends beyond Cerro Matoso; it lies at the heart of hundreds of disputes across the country. Two-fifths of Colombia’s land has been concessioned to or requested by mining or fossil-fuel companies. The government has declared the country open for business, assuring all that the country must develop its way to an enduring peace. The thrust of that development is the so-called ‘mining-energy locomotive’.31 But will an authentic peace be obtainable with a development policy that enflames social conflicts and degrades territories? Social movements have been mobilizing to demand instead a peace imbued with social and environmental justice.32 Danilo Urrea, from the environmental justice organization CENSAT Agua Viva, criticizes the government for proposing a ‘corporate peace’, ‘based on a development model which turns its back to environmental equilibrium, and closes its eyes to popular participation.’ ‘Nature has been the setting of war, it holds the spoils of war and, therefore, it has been the victim of war,’ he says. ‘Nature is also the only fertile ground for peace. Unless we reconfigure our relationships and economic models, unless we reconcile ourselves with nature and each other, then a lasting peace is unattainable.’ Tim Flannery warns of adverse climate impacts if South32 coal mine expansion approved ABC Illawarra / By Ainslie Drewitt Smith Posted WedWednesday 2 DecDecember 2020 at 8:31pm A man sits in front of solar panels Former climate change commissioner Tim Flannery spoke at a hearing of the IPC.(AAP) Share Prominent Australian scientist and climate change writer Tim Flannery has spoken against a planned coal mine expansion in New South Wales, warning of dire environmental consequences if it is to proceed. Key points: The IPC is conducting three days of public hearings as it considers South32's mine expansion plans The company wants to extract 78 million tonnes of coal from beneath Sydney's drinking water catchment until 2048 Climate change scientist Tim Flannery addressed the commission to raise concerns about the mine's environmental impact South32 is seeking approval to expand its Dendrobium mine, west of Wollongong, until 2048. It plans to use a longwall mining technique to extract 78 million tonnes of metallurgical coal for steelmaking from two new areas under Sydney's drinking water catchment. "I want to speak against the development and my concerns are really around the climate impacts of extending our coal mining in Australia," Professor Flannery told a public hearing of the Independent Planning Commission on Thursday. He pointed to a paper published in April in leading science journal Nature which he said laid out evidence that Australia was approaching some "very serious deteriorations" in key global climate systems, including destruction of the Great Barrier Reef and the drying of the Amazon rainforest. "The key thing I'm concerned about is that we're reaching some key climatic tipping points which represent an extreme risk for us," Professor Flannery said. "If we're to have a chance, at least, of avoiding those tipping points, we need to stabilise the Earth's temperatures at about one and half degrees above the pre-industrial average." A sign and the road outside the Dendrobium mine South32 wants to extend the life of its Dendrobium mine until 2048.(ABC Illawarra: Kelly Fuller) Cutting fossil fuels Professor Flannery's presentation to the IPC coincided with the release of the United Nations' annual Production Gap Report, which calls for substantial cuts in global carbon emissions to avoid dire consequences for the environment. "So rather than extending our coal mining and our fossil fuel use, the report argues we need to be cutting [their use] six per cent per year, every year, to keep ourselves safe from these dangerous tipping points." Rush to renewables Wind turbines in a wind farm in South Australia Despite, or perhaps because of, government inaction, consumers and businesses have flocked towards renewable energy, writes Ian Verrender. Read more South32's mines in the Illawarra region provide around 80 per cent of the coal necessary for steelmaking at BlueScope's Port Kembla plant. The companies together have called for the expansion project to be approved to secure thousands of direct and indirect jobs in New South Wales and across the country. Professor Flannery said an ongoing reliance on coal was not feasible as other countries, including Germany, move towards hydrogen steel production. How Germany is quitting coal A coal power plant in Germany. Germany is doing what Australia says it can't — shutting down its coal industry. Read more "Coal mining is not going to be the future," he told the commission. "The hydrogen economy offers us a way of producing steel with 98 per cent less CO2 than using coal. "BHP announced in November that they were going to be investing in hydrogen for steelmaking in China. We can't be left behind on this. "If we make the right decisions now and we get on the right track we could have a very prosperous future here in the Illawarra," Professor Flannery said. Find more local news Tell us your location and find more local ABC News and information Site of mine in metropolitan special area The Dendrobium underground coal mine (represented by the black dot) is seen in the metropolitan special area of Sydney's drinking water catchment.(Supplied: Water NSW) Directly affected Several South32 employees presented to the IPC during its second day of public hearings on Thursday, backing the mine. "The industry provides opportunities in so many disciplines from operators to engineers, finance, technology, communications, and community engagement," Luke Oliver said. "Our region relies on the jobs directly with South32 and those contract partners and supply services." Australian bosses have started caring about climate change Australian company directors nominate climate change as the number one issue they want the government to address in the long-term, in a survey of more than 1,200 business leaders. Read more Mining supervisor Anthony Dal Santo said he and his three children, who also work in the industry, would be "directly affected" if Dendrobium's expansion was rejected. "It would have both emotional and a financial devastating affect on my family," Mr Dal Santo told the commission. "This impact would be felt across the Illawarra and would also impact local businesses, the community, and the state of New South Wales. "Dendrobium mine has proved to be a positive influence in the local community and deserves the opportunity to continue." The IPC is due to hear the last of more than 80 registered speakers making oral submissions on Friday. Of the 280 written submissions already received by the commission, 250 have expressed support for the mine expansion project. South32.com Suing South32.net BHP BHP.com Mining $500,000,000,000.00 Queen Elizabeth II Venal Scott Morrison Causing Fires illness Death Poisoning Waters radiation Leaks Radioactive Disease uranium leak Killing People Animals Public Stock Fraud BHP south32.net 500 Billion Dollars lawsuit headline news. WE ARE SLOWLY BEING KILLED BY South32.net S32 BHP BHP.comTHIS MINE’ share article: Share on Facebook Tweet Email 1 November 2016 ColombiaMiningPollution Threats, pay-offs and skin defects. Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik investigates the activities of a massive British-Australian ferronickel complex. 01.11.2016-this-mine-kills-590.jpgSkin defects, along with cancer and respiratory illnesses, are common in the area of the mine. This Zenú boy is from El Alto San Jorge, Córdoba province. © Irrael Aguilar Amid the arid farmlands of Colombia’s Córdoba province, the grassed earth gives way to bare incisions. Upturned mounds of ochre puncture the landscape. Fuming chimneys spill white smoke. This is Cerro Matoso, one of the largest ferronickel mines and processing facilities in the world. Owned and part-owned for over 30 years by BHP Billiton, an Anglo-Australian corporation and the largest mining firm in the world, it was recently transferred to South32, a spin-off company.1 Matoso has proven a lucrative source of wealth, delivering billions of dollars in sales. But former workers and local communities say that wealth has come at their expense; they are demanding justice for the destructive impact on their health, livelihoods, environment and safety. Small-scale mining first started at Cerro Matoso in the 1960s, expanding in 1979 when the Colombian government granted a concession to Conicol, Ifi-Econiquel and Billington Overseas (the precursor of BHP Billiton, from the Royal Dutch Shell group). Funded by the World Bank, the mine boomed, becoming the region’s flagship industry.2 Montelíbano, a nearby town devoted to agriculture and livestock breeding, saw its population triple.3 Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 3 In 1997, BHP Billiton gained full ownership of the mine, doubling its production between 2001 and 2010. Today, Cerro Matoso’s high-quality ferronickel is shipped from Cartagena across the world, where it finds its way into countless industrial products, such as surgical instruments or mobile phones. Extracting the material is an intricate process. Raw ferronickel is found in opencast spaces. It is mined using bulldozers and then transported to processing facilities. There, it is crushed and dried, and readied for the smelter. In high-temperature ovens, the nickel is melted, separated into segments, and cooled. With four enormous furnaces in use, Cerro Matoso is the most energy-intensive industrial project in Colombia. But these ovens emit large amounts of toxic particles, which the wind carries to water sources and fields. CANCER, DEFECTS AND MISCARRIAGES The impacts of contaminated air and waterways on local communities is evident through genetic deformations, illnesses and an epidemic of miscarriages.4 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs. DANE, the Colombian government bureau of statistics, reported an alarming rise in rates of cancer and respiratory illness in the region.5 Dermatological defects, such as blemishes, rashes or burst skin are common. Water studies have detected extremely high levels of iron in the principal local river.6 Dayro Romero is the governor of the indigenous community of Pueblo Flecha, a village located a few hundred metres away from Cerro Matoso. ‘At first we didn’t see any changes,’ he says. ‘But 20 years on we began to see the impacts. [Today] there are high rates of bronchitis, pneumonia… Our children have skin defects, eye problems, constant headaches. Our girls are embarrassed to wear short clothes that show the blemishes on their skin. We are known for our fertility, but in our community we now have so many miscarriages. In 2011, 14 out of 36 pregnancies in our village were aborted... We feel environmentally massacred.’ Advert Newint - Article 1, 2 & frontpage - CSO21 1 Children have been born without reproductive organs or anuses. Cows and chickens have birthed offspring with two heads and excess limbs Irrael Aguilar, chieftain of the Zenú communities in the region, concurs: ‘We are slowly being killed by this mine. This is the end of us. We are on our way to extermination.’ Dozens of former mine workers have also experienced high rates of cancer, deafness and illness, with some initiating legal proceedings against the company.7,8,9 Nickel isn’t the only source of pollution. Nearby coalmines and coal-fired power plants, relied on by Cerro Matoso to meet its enormous energy needs, cast coal dust into the air. In 2013, indigenous and Afro-descendant communities from areas surrounding Cerro Matoso blockaded the mine’s entrance in protest over the health and environmental impacts, halting operations. At first they were ignored. Then, riot police were sent in. The pressure continued, eventually leading to an agreement between communities, the company and the government. One of the central compromises was that Cerro Matoso would finance an independent environmental and health study. Despite delays, the study has begun and is expected to reveal its results later in the year.10,11 The company is adamant that there are no negative impacts from its operations.12 Luis Marulanda del Valle, Cerro Matoso’s Vice-President for External Affairs, maintains that ‘the health of these communities is affected by factors independent of our operations.’13 A BHP Billiton spokesperson pointed to ‘detailed environmental and health studies carried out by Cerro Matoso up to 2014’, which indicated a minimal or absent impact on air quality, water quality and public health. But in 2014, one of the public bodies responsible for monitoring Cerro Matoso’s impacts admitted lacking the necessary equipment to determine whether the company’s own environmental reporting matched reality.14 CALLOUS CONTRASTS In its communications, Cerro Matoso pays ample reference to its contribution to economic and social development. It claims to have significantly improved the quality of life in the region through royalties and social programmes.15 Cerro Matoso is a massive enterprise linking mines with power plants and processing facilities. This truck, loaded with coal, heads from the Córdoba mines to the Geselca power plant.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik But local voices are more sceptical. Moreno argues that ‘they [the company] haven’t come through on their promise on water access, or the fixing of streets. They’ve built houses, but not using our traditional methods. In any case, what do we do with a house when we’re blighting our blood?’ Aguilar agrees: ‘We do not see the companies bringing real development. Rather, they have been preparing death for people here. They are destroying the forests, the water sources. We are merely looking for a dignified life for our coming generations, something which goes against the company’s vision.’ Montelíbano is a city of callous contrasts. Mine managers and workers benefit from a company country club, a private school and a private water supply. A gated Cerro Matoso neighbourhood sits inside the city centre. A closed condominium reserved for managers lies outside the city limits. Yet thousands of families in Montelíbano live in conditions of extreme poverty. Many lack access to water, sewerage or adequate housing. Rates of illiteracy are high.16 Eighty per cent of the inhabitants of the neighbouring municipality of San José de Uré have unmet basic needs.17 In 2012, a delegate from the General Comptroller noted that municipalities affected by Cerro Matoso were worse off than those without mining projects.18 In rural districts and communities adjacent to the mine, pollution has wrecked traditional livelihoods and methods of subsistence. ‘Before,’ Moreno says, ‘you could throw a net into the river and retrieve 20 fish. Now, it takes you a day to catch three.’ Cerro Matoso is not just a mine: it is an enormous development enterprise, linking coalmines with power plants and processing facilities. For its advocates, it has proven to be a dynamic engine of growth. For critics, it is a textbook example of maldevelopment, a network of extractive ventures which has harmed lives and impeded more salutary forms of development in the region. South32 CEO warning suing criminal scumbag cheater liar scam artist evil devil BHP BHP.com $500,000,000,000.00 The mine, which has seemingly polluted the land and lives of Zenú communities, was initially powered by a hydroelectric mega-dam which forcibly displaced indigenous Emberá communities. Today, an enlarged Cerro Matoso is looking to meet its growing energy needs through the expansion of Geselca, a coal-fired power plant supplied by new local coalmines. All these polluting processes are in turn being ‘environmentally offset’ by the industrial plantation of swathes of palm and non-native teca trees, which consume more water than native species. Aguilar calls this ‘double damage’. He says: ‘They damage the environment, and then try to fix that damage with further damage.’ PARAMILITARY LINKS? There are also concerns around how Cerro Matoso has woven itself into Colombia’s vivid landscape of violence. Historically, the province of Córdoba has been one of the areas most embroiled in the country’s armed conflict, with a patent presence of paramilitary and guerrilla forces. Local residents have expressed fears about the relationship between the company and armed actors. One local shopkeeper, asking to remain nameless, reflects: ‘In this city, every business has to pay vacunas [extortion payments] to the paramilitaries, from wealthy retailers to the guys who sell passion-fruit juice on the street. They [Cerro Matoso] have been here for decades, and haven’t had a single reprisal, a single threat, a single kidnapping. How have they done that? Are we supposed to believe that they’ve never paid or engaged with the paramilitaries? We simply cannot explain to ourselves how such a company can move so freely in this territory.’ Others point to precedents. A Japanese company supplying carbon filters left the region, allegedly due to constant extortion.19 Non-governmental organizations have been unable to operate freely in surrounding villages. Irrael Aguilar (left) is one of the indigenous Zenú leaders who lives under severe threats for his involvement in environmental struggles. He is accompanied by fellow leader Juan Urango.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik There is not just suspicion around the mine’s engagement with paramilitaries to ensure unobstructed operations; allegations persist of the mine’s complicity in violence against social leaders. Colombia is one of the most dangerous countries in the world for defenders of human and environmental rights. An explosive mix of armed groups, extensive land conflicts, lucrative extractive projects, and state paralysis create conditions for the killing of dozens of activists every year.20 In Córdoba, the indigenous Zenú community of El Alto San Jorge is home to a population of nearly 16,900 people, spread across dozens of villages. Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed. Another 14 leaders currently have protection measures and 19 more are undergoing risk assessments. Only two have obtained full protection measures. Irrael Aguilar, the community’s chieftain, is under severe threat for his involvement in various rights struggles. He travels with an entourage of bodyguards and rarely spends consecutive nights in the same location. Aguilar says that ‘the company certainly has its hands in some of the threats.’ South32 and BHP Billiton deny the claims, with spokespersons from both companies affirming compliance with high standards of human rights due diligence. But those under threat are often stuck in a bind. If they present concrete evidence of the threats against them to the authorities, the risk of reprisal increases. One community leader, who asked to remain anonymous, alleged that he had evidence from paramilitary leaders who had been approached by Cerro Matoso to ‘eliminate him’. But divulging that evidence would put him at further risk. Until the security situation in the region changes, and thorough investigations can take place, there will be little clarity around the true nature of extortion and threats. Questions also arise around the company’s fiscal relationship to the Colombian state. Plantations of thirsty non-native teca trees do further damage to the environment.Daniel Macmillen Voskoboynik Cerro Matoso has been accused of avoiding tax, underpaying royalties, and under-invoicing.21 In 2010, the company was forced to pay over $12 million in unpaid royalties, after an audit from the General Comptroller. Further analysis of Cerro Matoso’s finances suggests manipulation or creative accounting to reduce its taxable income.22 Mario Valencia, spokesperson for the Network for Tributary Justice in Colombia, noted: ‘[an] analysis of Cerro Matoso’s figures leaves us concerned, because there is strong evidence that they are presenting accounts which show a situation that is more critical than in reality.’23 Cerro Matoso has also faced significant scrutiny for its lease over the mine, and the contracts it has negotiated with the government.24 Another Comptroller report in 2012 showed that the mine’s environmental licence was granted based on incomplete, inadequate and outdated data.25 WHAT NEXT? The future of Cerro Matoso is clouded in uncertainty. Despite plans to expand operations, a collapse in nickel prices has provoked a crisis.26 Many workers have been laid off, and there are doubts whether the mine’s concession will be extended beyond 2029. But if Cerro Matoso closes operations, will there be justice for communities torn apart by its impacts? In 2011, BHP Billiton registered the largest-ever profit by a British firm.27 It has been a generous sponsor of sports teams, cultural events, and Olympic medals, and has poured millions into lobbying.28 But its wealth has come at a cost – from flattened villages in Brazil to polluted lives in Colombia.29, 30 ‘The word Zenú means wonderful land, a place of found waters,’ Aguilar laments. ‘The legacy of our ancestors is a world-vision of equilibrium, of harmony with the natural world. The Western man [sic] doesn’t understand this, let alone the businessman [sic]. They understand extraction, not conservation.’ Over the past eight years, the community has seen 49 of its leaders killed The tension Aguilar references extends beyond Cerro Matoso; it lies at the heart of hundreds of disputes across the country. Two-fifths of Colombia’s land has been concessioned to or requested by mining or fossil-fuel companies. The government has declared the country open for business, assuring all that the country must develop its way to an enduring peace. The thrust of that development is the so-called ‘mining-energy locomotive’.31 But will an authentic peace be obtainable with a development policy that enflames social conflicts and degrades territories? Social movements have been mobilizing to demand instead a peace imbued with social and environmental justice.32 Danilo Urrea, from the environmental justice organization CENSAT Agua Viva, criticizes the government for proposing a ‘corporate peace’, ‘based on a development model which turns its back to environmental equilibrium, and closes its eyes to popular participation.’ ‘Nature has been the setting of war, it holds the spoils of war and, therefore, it has been the victim of war,’ he says. ‘Nature is also the only fertile ground for peace. Unless we reconfigure our relationships and economic models, unless we reconcile ourselves with nature and each other, then a lasting peace is unattainable.’ Tim Flannery warns of adverse climate impacts if South32 coal mine expansion approved ABC Illawarra / By Ainslie Drewitt Smith Posted WedWednesday 2 DecDecember 2020 at 8:31pm A man sits in front of solar panels Former climate change commissioner Tim Flannery spoke at a hearing of the IPC.(AAP) Share Prominent Australian scientist and climate change writer Tim Flannery has spoken against a planned coal mine expansion in New South Wales, warning of dire environmental consequences if it is to proceed. Key points: The IPC is conducting three days of public hearings as it considers South32's mine expansion plans The company wants to extract 78 million tonnes of coal from beneath Sydney's drinking water catchment until 2048 Climate change scientist Tim Flannery addressed the commission to raise concerns about the mine's environmental impact South32 is seeking approval to expand its Dendrobium mine, west of Wollongong, until 2048. It plans to use a longwall mining technique to extract 78 million tonnes of metallurgical coal for steelmaking from two new areas under Sydney's drinking water catchment. "I want to speak against the development and my concerns are really around the climate impacts of extending our coal mining in Australia," Professor Flannery told a public hearing of the Independent Planning Commission on Thursday. He pointed to a paper published in April in leading science journal Nature which he said laid out evidence that Australia was approaching some "very serious deteriorations" in key global climate systems, including destruction of the Great Barrier Reef and the drying of the Amazon rainforest. "The key thing I'm concerned about is that we're reaching some key climatic tipping points which represent an extreme risk for us," Professor Flannery said. "If we're to have a chance, at least, of avoiding those tipping points, we need to stabilise the Earth's temperatures at about one and half degrees above the pre-industrial average." A sign and the road outside the Dendrobium mine South32 wants to extend the life of its Dendrobium mine until 2048.(ABC Illawarra: Kelly Fuller) Cutting fossil fuels Professor Flannery's presentation to the IPC coincided with the release of the United Nations' annual Production Gap Report, which calls for substantial cuts in global carbon emissions to avoid dire consequences for the environment. "So rather than extending our coal mining and our fossil fuel use, the report argues we need to be cutting [their use] six per cent per year, every year, to keep ourselves safe from these dangerous tipping points." Rush to renewables Wind turbines in a wind farm in South Australia Despite, or perhaps because of, government inaction, consumers and businesses have flocked towards renewable energy, writes Ian Verrender. Read more South32's mines in the Illawarra region provide around 80 per cent of the coal necessary for steelmaking at BlueScope's Port Kembla plant. The companies together have called for the expansion project to be approved to secure thousands of direct and indirect jobs in New South Wales and across the country. Professor Flannery said an ongoing reliance on coal was not feasible as other countries, including Germany, move towards hydrogen steel production. How Germany is quitting coal A coal power plant in Germany. Germany is doing what Australia says it can't — shutting down its coal industry. Read more "Coal mining is not going to be the future," he told the commission. "The hydrogen economy offers us a way of producing steel with 98 per cent less CO2 than using coal. "BHP announced in November that they were going to be investing in hydrogen for steelmaking in China. We can't be left behind on this. "If we make the right decisions now and we get on the right track we could have a very prosperous future here in the Illawarra," Professor Flannery said. Find more local news Tell us your location and find more local ABC News and information Site of mine in metropolitan special area The Dendrobium underground coal mine (represented by the black dot) is seen in the metropolitan special area of Sydney's drinking water catchment.(Supplied: Water NSW) Directly affected Several South32 employees presented to the IPC during its second day of public hearings on Thursday, backing the mine. "The industry provides opportunities in so many disciplines from operators to engineers, finance, technology, communications, and community engagement," Luke Oliver said. "Our region relies on the jobs directly with South32 and those contract partners and supply services." Australian bosses have started caring about climate change Australian company directors nominate climate change as the number one issue they want the government to address in the long-term, in a survey of more than 1,200 business leaders. Read more Mining supervisor Anthony Dal Santo said he and his three children, who also work in the industry, would be "directly affected" if Dendrobium's expansion was rejected. "It would have both emotional and a financial devastating affect on my family," Mr Dal Santo told the commission. "This impact would be felt across the Illawarra and would also impact local businesses, the community, and the state of New South Wales. "Dendrobium mine has proved to be a positive influence in the local community and deserves the opportunity to continue." The IPC is due to hear the last of more than 80 registered speakers making oral submissions on Friday. Of the 280 written submissions already received by the commission, 250 have expressed support for the mine expansion project. 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South32 lawsuit public court announcement Luigi Pictures South32 lawsuit Predator South32 Public warning criminals news awareness news NOTICE news. Scumbag British Australian criminal public whore low life dirty pussy Miss Graham Kerr BHP spy NO BALLS thief crook shyster STOCK FRAUD Rapist South32.net evil loser dirty filthy disgusting animal cockroach evil devil piece of shit.

Mr. Luigi Bian fighting devil & evil, represents (Voice Of the Voiceless) the African helpless workers who are being treated unjustly by Shell Shell.com , BHP BHP.com, South32 South32.net, I am here to get the workers 100% justice, The workers are going fully on strike so the rapist CEO'S pay whats owed to the African employees, Past present future full justly pay, South32, BHP, Shell CEO'S are criminal rapist will be prosecuted put in PRISON. For more information contct Mr. Luigi Bian at: USA 310-924-4779

Pimp Andrew Mackenzie Shell employee Rapist & Girlfriend Graham Kerr BHP ex Employee RAPIST. Mr. Luigi Bian represents (Voice Of the Voiceless)

Scumbag British Australian criminal public whore low life dirty pussy Miss Graham Kerr BHP spy NO BALLS thief crook shyster STOCK FRAUD Rapist South32.net evil loser dirty filthy disgusting animal cockroach evil devil piece of shit.

Scumbag British Australian criminal public whore low life dirty pussy Miss Graham Kerr BHP spy NO BALLS thief crook shyster STOCK FRAUD Rapist South32.net evil loser dirty filthy disgusting animal cockroach evil devil piece of shit.

Scumbag British Australian criminal public whore low life dirty pussy Miss Graham Kerr BHP spy NO BALLS thief crook shyster STOCK FRAUD South32.net evil loser dirty pimp filthy disgusting animal cockroach evil devil bastard piece of shit.

Scumbag British Australian criminal public whore low life dirty pussy Miss Graham Kerr BHP spy NO BALLS thief crook shyster STOCK FRAUD Rapist South32.net evil loser dirty filthy disgusting animal cockroach evil devil piece of shit.

Warning criminal Miss Graham Kerr is a scumbag criminal cheater liar thief, Warning Miss Graham Kerr is a stock fraud belongs in prison.

Warning criminal Miss Graham Kerr is a scumbag criminal cheater liar thief, Warning Miss Graham Kerr is a stock fraud belongs in prison.

Warning criminal Miss Graham Kerr is a scumbag criminal cheater liar thief, Warning Miss Graham Kerr is a stock fraud belongs in prison.

Warning criminal Miss Graham Kerr is a scumbag criminal cheater liar thief, Warning Miss Graham Kerr is a stock fraud belongs in prison.

Warning criminal Miss Graham Kerr is a scumbag criminal cheater liar thief, Warning Miss Graham Kerr is a stock fraud belongs in prison.

Warning criminal Miss Graham Kerr is a scumbag criminal cheater liar thief, Warning Miss Graham Kerr is a stock fraud belongs in prison.

Warning criminal Miss Graham Kerr is a scumbag criminal cheater liar thief, Warning Miss Graham Kerr is a stock fraud belongs in prison.

Warning criminal Miss Graham Kerr is a scumbag criminal cheater liar thief, Warning Miss Graham Kerr is a stock fraud belongs in prison.

SOUTH32 PUBLICE Warning Emergency Attention LOSER SOUTH32.NET is a Scumbag criminal Graham Kerr STOCK FRAUD ceo PUBLICE NOTICE News Scumbag criminal crashing south32.net crashing DANGER shutdown news attention south32 debt $8000,000,000,000,000.00 filing stock crash Emergency south32.net public court hearing south32.net warning, south32.net bankruptcy crashing employees strike, South32.net employees strike, Shell director strike south32.net WARNING emergency dead BUSINESS headline public breakdown south32.net Press release South32 SEX pictureS SEX imageS SEX photoS

South32 Public Warning Emergency Attention $8000,000,000.00 lawsuit South32 is a shit losing company scaming people South32 PUBLIC Warning Emergency Attention LOSER SOUTH32.NET is a Scumbag criminal Graham Kerr STOCK FRAUD ceo PUBLIC NOTICE News Scumbag criminal crashing south32.net crashing DANGER shutdown news attention south32 debt $8000,000,000,000,000.00 filing stock crash Emergency south32.net public court hearing south32.net warning, south32.net bankruptcy crashing employees strike, South32.net employees strike, Shell director strike south32.net WARNING emergency dead BUSINESS headline public breakdown south32.net Press release South32 top stories, luigi pictureS, imageS, photoS

Miss Miss Graham Kerr Scumbag British Australian criminal public whore low life dirty pussy Miss Graham Kerr BHP spy NO BALLS thief crook shyster STOCK FRAUD South32.net evil loser dirty filthy disgusting

South32 Graham Kerr CEO a thief a cheat a fraud loser always a loser always was always will be a loser warning caution attention south32.net CEO Graham Kerr is a loser faking company profits lying to investors buying back his own south32 company stocks every single day faking the rise of south32 stock price not telling the truth 2015 BHP plans and ideas of spinout has totally failed all because of the incompetent loser fraud scumbag hard headed idiot CEO Graham Kerr who has failed to manage and destroyed all the fortune that was handed out to him south32.net is a bankrupt company south32 investors will be losing all their money.

Graham Kerr is BANKRUPT $800,000,000,000.00 DEBT, fraud Shit company South32.net Graham Kerr CEO a SHIT loser faking company profits lying to investors buy-back his own stocks faking rise of stock prices. BHP Billiton plans and ideas of spinout has totally failed all because of the scumbag cockroaches penny pincher hard headed idiot CEO Kerr who failed and destroyed all the fortune that was handed out to him. South32.net company shrinking faster than a rabbit gets fucked, All South32.net investors will lose all their money- Lucky Luigi.